lan

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lan"

Languages (30)

Translingual

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Achang • Balinese • Basque • Fala • Fon • Gun • Haitian Creole • Javanese • Kelantan Peranakan Hokkien • Linngithigh • Lower Sorbian • Mandarin • Middle High German • Middle Irish • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old Javanese • Polish • Romanian • Sarawak Malay • Serbo-Croatian • Tetum • Turkish • Vietnamese • Wab • Welsh • West Coast Bajau • Yámana • Zhuang

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Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

lan

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Laru.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Laru terms

Achang

Pronunciation

• (Myanmar) /lan˧/

Adjective

lan

1. lazy

Derived terms

• lan cho

Further reading

• Inglis, Douglas; Sampu, Nasaw; Jaseng, Wilai; Jana, Thocha (2005), A preliminary Ngochang–Kachin–English Lexicon‎^[1], Payap University, page 65

Balinese

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Javanese lan (“and”) (compare to Javanese ꦭꦤ꧀ (lan)).

Conjunction

lan (Balinese script ᬮᬦ᭄)

1. and (used to connect two similar words, phrases, et cetera)

   Rahajeng rahina Galungan lan Kuningan

   Happy Galungan and Kuningan

Further reading

• “lan”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Basque

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /lan/ [lãn]
• Rhymes: -an
• Hyphenation: lan

Noun

lan inan

1. work, task
2. labour
3. annoyance, trouble

Declension

Declension of lan (inan C-stem)

	indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive	lan	lana	lanak	lanok
ergative	lanek	lanak	lanek	lanok
dative	lani	lanari	lanei	lanoi
genitive	lanen	lanaren	lanen	lanon
comitative	lanekin	lanarekin	lanekin	lanokin
causative	lanengatik	lanarengatik	lanengatik	lanongatik
benefactive	lanentzat	lanarentzat	lanentzat	lanontzat
instrumental	lanez	lanaz	lanez	lanotaz
inessive	lanetan	lanean	lanetan	lanotan
locative	lanetako	laneko	lanetako	lanotako
allative	lanetara	lanera	lanetara	lanotara
terminative	lanetaraino	laneraino	lanetaraino	lanotaraino
directive	lanetarantz	lanerantz	lanetarantz	lanotarantz
destinative	lanetarako	lanerako	lanetarako	lanotarako
ablative	lanetatik	lanetik	lanetatik	lanotatik
partitive	lanik	—	—	—
prolative	lantzat	—	—	—

Derived terms

• lan egin 'work' (v.)
• langile 'worker'
• lantegi 'workplace'

Further reading

• “lan”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “lan”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Fala

Alternative forms

• lana (Lagarteiru)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂

Proto-Italic *wlāna

Latin lānam

Old Galician-Portuguese lãa

Fala lan

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese lãa, from Latin lānam (“wool”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlan/
• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: lan

Noun

lan f (plural lanis)

1. (Mañegu, Valverdeñu) wool

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[2], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Fon

Etymology

Cognates include Gun làn, Saxwe Gbe olàn, Aja (West Africa) elan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lã̀/

Noun

làn (plural làn lɛ́)

1. meat

Derived terms

• lànmɛ̀ (“body”)

Gun

Làn lẹ́

Alternative forms

• òlàn

Etymology

Cognates include Fon làn, Saxwe Gbe olàn, Aja (West Africa) elan, Ewe lã.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lã̀/

Noun

làn (plural làn lɛ́ or làn lẹ́)

1. meat

Derived terms

• lànmɛ̀ (“body”)
• lànmẹ̀ (“body”)

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lã/

Etymology 1

Article

lan

1. the (definite article)

Usage notes

Use this word only after a word that ends with a nasal vowel and an oral (non-nasal) consonant, in that order, and when it modifies a singular noun.

See also

• a
• an
• la
• nan
• yo
• yon

Etymology 2

From French lent.

Adjective

lan

1. slow

Alternative forms

• lant

References

• Targète, Jean; Urciolo, Raphael (1993), Haitian Creole-English Dictionary‎^[3], Dunwoody Press, →ISBN, page 111

Javanese

Romanization

lan

1. romanization of ꦭꦤ꧀

Kelantan Peranakan Hokkien

Etymology

From Hokkien 咱 (lán).

Pronoun

lan

1. we, us

Further reading

• Mohd Nor, M. R.; Hasan, H. (2010), “Kebolehan Bahasa Masyarakat Cina Peranakan Kelantan”, in Jurnal Usuluddin‎^[4], volume 31, archived from the original on 15 January 2026, page 125

Linngithigh

Noun

lan

1. tongue
2. rays of the Sun on water
3. spearpoint

Lower Sorbian

lan

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lьnъ, from Proto-Indo-European *lino-; cognate with Upper Sorbian len, Polish len, Czech len, Russian лён (ljon), Old Church Slavonic льнѣнъ (lĭněnŭ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lan/

Noun

lan m inan (diminutive lank)

1. flax (Linum usitatissimum)

Declension

Declension of lan

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	lan	lana	lany
genitive	lana	lanowu	lanow
dative	lanoju	lanoma	lanam
accusative	lan	lana	lany
instrumental	lanom	lanoma	lanami
locative	lanje	lanoma	lanach

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “lan”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999), “lan”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Mandarin

Romanization

lan

1. nonstandard spelling of lán
2. nonstandard spelling of lǎn
3. nonstandard spelling of làn

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle High German

Alternative forms

• lāȥen

Etymology

Inherited from Old High German lāȥan, from Proto-West Germanic *lātan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈlaːn/

Verb

lān (irregular, third-person singular present lāt, past tense lie, past participle gelān, past subjunctive lieȥe, auxiliary hān)

1. to let
   • 13th c., Neidhart von Reuental, Meie dīn liechter schīn:

     Ich was ie, swieȥ ergie,
     sît daȥ ich ir künde vie,
     in ir dienste, dës si nie
     selten mich genieȥen lie,
     dort und etewenne hie,
     swie sie mir gebôt.

     I always was, however it came,
     Since I got to know her,
     I was at her service, what she never
     Ever repaid to me,
     Here there and everywhere,
     Just as she ordered.

Conjugation

Conjugation of lān (irregular, auxiliary hān)

infinitive		lān
genitive gerund		lānnes lānes
dative gerund		lānne lāne
present participle		lāȥende
past participle		gelān
auxiliary		hān
	indicative			subjunctive
	singular	plural		singular	plural
present	ich lān	wir lān	i	ich lāȥe	wir lāȥen
	du lāst	ir lāt		du lāȥest	ir lāȥet
	ër lāt	sie lānt		ër lāȥe	sie lāȥen
preterite	ich lie	wir lieȥen	ii	ich lieȥe	wir lieȥen
	du lieȥest	ir lieȥet		du lieȥest	ir lieȥet
	ër lie	sie lieȥen		ër lieȥe	sie lieȥen
imperative	lā (du)	lāt (ir)

Composed forms of lān (irregular, auxiliary hān)

perfect
	singular	plural		singular	plural
indicative	ich hān gelān	wir hān gelān	subjunctive	ich habe gelān	wir haben gelān
	du hāst gelān	ir hāt gelān		du habest gelān	ir habet gelān
	ër hāt gelān	sie hānt gelān		ër habe gelān	sie haben gelān
pluperfect
indicative	ich habete gelān	wir habeten gelān	subjunctive	ich habete gelān	wir habeten gelān
	du habetest gelān	ir habetet gelān		du habetest gelān	ir habetet gelān
	ër habete gelān	sie habeten gelān		ër habete gelān	sie habeten gelān
future i
infinitive	lān süln		subjunctive i	ich sul lān	wir suln lān
				du sule lān	ir sulet lān
				ër sul lān	sie suln lān
indicative	ich sol lān	wir sulen lān	subjunctive ii	ich sölte lān ich sölde lān	wir sölten lān wir sölden lān
	du solt lān	ir sulet lān		du söltest lān du söldest lān	ir söltet lān ir söldet lān
	ër sol lān	sie sulen lān		ër sölte lān ër sölde lān	sie sölten lān sie sölden lān
future ii
infinitive	gelān hān süln		subjunctive i	ich sul gelān hān	wir suln gelān hān
				du sule gelān hān	ir sulet gelān hān
				ër sul gelān hān	sie suln gelān hān
indicative	ich sol gelān hān	wir sulen gelān hān	subjunctive ii	ich sölte gelān hān ich sölde gelān hān	wir sölten gelān hān wir sölden gelān hān
	du solt gelān hān	ir sulet gelān hān		du söltest gelān hān du söldest gelān hān	ir söltet gelān hān ir söldet gelān hān
	ër sol gelān hān	sie sulen gelān hān		ër sölte gelān hān ër sölde gelān hān	sie sölten gelān hān sie sölden gelān hān

Descendants

• Alemannic German: lah
• German: lassen

References

• Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “lān”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel.
• Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “lān”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch‎^[5] (in German), 3rd edition

Middle Irish

Adjective

lan

1. alternative spelling of lán

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From English LAN, acronym of local area network.

Noun

lan n (definite singular lanet, indefinite plural lan, definite plural lana)

1. (networking) a LAN
2. (computing) a LAN party

Derived terms

• lana, lane (verb)

References

• Cf. “lan” in Norwegian Academy Dictionary (NAOB).

Anagrams

• nal

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɑːn/
• Rhymes: -ɑːn

Noun

lān n

1. alternative form of lǣn

Old Javanese

Etymology

Probably from earlier len, lyan (“other, different”), inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lian (“to change appearance”).

Conjunction

lan

1. and

Descendants

• > Javanese: ꦭꦤ꧀ (lan)
• → Balinese: ᬮᬦ᭄ (lan)

Further reading

• "lan" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Polish

Pronunciation

• (Masovia):
  • (Near Masovian) IPA^(key): [ˈlan]

Noun

lan m inan

1. (Near Masovian) alternative form of len

Further reading

• Zygmunt Wasilewski (1889), “lan”, in Jagodne: wieś w powiecie łukowskim, gminie Dąbie: zarys etnograficzny‎^[6] (in Polish), Warsaw: M. Arct, page 242

Romanian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *lьnъ

Old Church Slavonic льнъ (lĭnŭ)bor.

Romanian lan

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic льнъ (lĭnŭ), from Proto-Slavic *lьnъ. Compare Ukrainian лан (lan).

Noun

lan n (plural lanuri)

1. field (arable land)

   Synonym: ogor

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	lan	lanul	lanuri	lanurile
genitive-dative	lan	lanului	lanuri	lanurilor
vocative	lanule		lanurilor

Sarawak Malay

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lan/

Interjection

lan

1. let's go, come on

   Lan makan.

   Let's eat.

   Lan berambeh.

   Come stay over.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lьnъ.

Noun

lȁn m inan (Cyrillic spelling ла̏н)

1. flax

Declension

Declension of lan

	singular	plural
nominative	lan	lanovi
genitive	lana	lanova
dative	lanu	lanovima
accusative	lan	lanove
vocative	lanu	lanovi
locative	lanu	lanovima
instrumental	lanom	lanovima

Derived terms

• lànen

Tetum

Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese lã, from Old Galician-Portuguese lãa (“wool”), from Latin lāna (“wool”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”).

Noun

lan

1. wool

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɫɑn/, [ˈɫ̟ɑn̟]

Interjection

lan

1. alternative form of ulan

Descendants

• → Swedish: len

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [laːn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [laːŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [laːŋ˧˧]

Etymology 1

Compare tràn (“to overflow”).

Verb

lan

1. to spread; to run

Derived terms

• lan man
• lan toả
• lan truyền
• lây lan
• tràn lan

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 蘭.

Noun

lan (classifier cây, bông, hoa)

1. orchid

See also

• phong lan

Wab

Noun

lan

1. water

Further reading

• John Carter, Katie Carter, John Grummitt, Bonnie MacKenzie, Janell Masters, A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Mur Village Vernaculars (2012)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lan/
• Rhymes: -an

Etymology 1

The sense of "up, upwards" comes from an abbreviation of the phrase i'r lan "to the shore, ashore; upwards".

Preposition

lan

1. (South Wales) up

   Synonym: i fyny

   Antonym: i lawr

   Sa i'n mynd lan yr Wyddfa heb esgidiau addas.

   I'm not going up Snowdon without appropriate footwear.

Adverb

lan

1. (South Wales) up, upwards

   Synonym: i fyny

   Antonym: i lawr

   Sa i'n mynd lan gyda ti yn y fflipfflops yna.

   I'm not going up with you in those flipflops.

Noun

lan

1. soft mutation of glan (“shore, bank”)

Derived terms

• lan a lawr (“up and down”)
• lan lofft (“upstairs”)
• lanlwytho (“to upload”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of glan

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
glan	lan	nglan	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Etymology 2

Noun

lan

1. soft mutation of llan (“church”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of llan

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
llan	lan	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

West Coast Bajau

Etymology

From Proto-Sama-Bajaw *lalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.

Noun

lan

1. path
2. trail

Yámana

Noun

lan

1. tongue

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *ʰlaːnᴬ (“nephew; niece; grandchild”). Cognate with Thai หลาน (lǎan), Northern Thai ᩉᩖᩣ᩠ᨶ, Khün ᩉᩖᩣ᩠ᨶ, Lao ຫຼານ (lān), Lü ᦜᦱᧃ (l̇aan), Tai Dam ꪨꪱꪙ, Shan လၢၼ် (lǎan), Tai Nüa ᥘᥣᥢᥴ (láan), Ahom 𑜎𑜃𑜫 (lan), Saek หล่าน.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /laːn˨˦/
• Tone numbers: lan¹
• Hyphenation: lan

Noun

lan (classifier boux, Sawndip forms 𭓀 or 𰌮 or 𭓎 or 𬞕, 1957–1982 spelling lan)

1. grandchild; grandson

Derived terms

• bawxlan
• ciuhlan
• dahlan
• daihlan
• daeglan
• goyezlan
• goyelan
• goyilan
• landaeuz
• langwiz
• lanbawx
• lanbaex
• lancaiz
• lanlaej
• lanluz
• lanlux
• lanmbauq
• lanmbwk
• lannyingz
• lanranzrog
• lansai
• lansau
• lanvaiqseng
• lanvaihseng
• lwglan