coma

See also: čoma, čomā, and cơ mà
Languages (14)
English
Asturian • Catalan • Dutch • French • Galician • Interlingua • Italian • Ladin • Latin • Portuguese • Scottish Gaelic • Spanish • Welsh
Page categories

English

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈkəʊmə/
  • Audio (Southern England):(file)
  • (US) enPR: kōʹmə, IPA(key): /ˈkoʊmə/
  • Rhymes: -əʊmə
  • Hyphenation: co‧ma
  • Homophone: comber (non-rhotic)

Etymology 1

    Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

    Noun

    coma (plural comas)

    1. A state of unconsciousness from which one may not wake up, usually induced by some form of trauma.
      go into a coma
      slip into a coma
      come out of a coma
    Derived terms
    Translations
    See also

    Etymology 2

      Etymology tree
      Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē)bor.
      Latin comalbor.
      English coma

        Learned borrowing from Latin coma (“hair of the head”), borrowed from Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē, “hair of the head”).

        Hubble image of an icy Comet, showing nucleus and coma
        In this image the stars near the edge of the field form comae because of the comatic aberration of the wide-angle lens
        In each of these trees the branches form a well-defined coma
        In this turmeric plant, the tuft of magenta bracts form a coma
        Each of these milkweed seeds has a coma of silky hairs at one end

        Noun

        coma (plural comae)

        1. (astronomy) A cloud of dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet.
        2. (optics) A defect characterized by diffuse, pear-shaped images that in an ideal image would appear as points.
        3. (botany) A tuft or bunch, such as the assemblage of branches forming the head of a tree, a cluster of bracts when empty and terminating the inflorescence of a plant, or a tuft of long hairs on certain seeds.
        Translations

        Anagrams

        Asturian

        Verb

        coma

        1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of comer

        Catalan

        Pronunciation

        Etymology 1

        Borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

        Noun

        coma m (plural comes)

        1. coma (deep sleep)

        Etymology 2

        Borrowed from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).

        Noun

        coma f (plural comes)

        1. comma (punctuation mark)
        2. (music) comma (type of rest)
        Derived terms

        Etymology 3

        From Gaulish *kumba, from Proto-Celtic *kumbā (“valley”). Compare Occitan comba, French combe.

        Noun

        coma f (plural comes)

        1. combe, cwm, cirque
          Synonym: circ
        2. an alpine meadow situated between two peaks
        Derived terms

        Further reading

        Dutch

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ˈkoː.maː/
        • Audio:(file)
        • Hyphenation: co‧ma
        • Rhymes: -oːmaː

        Etymology 1

        Borrowed from Latin coma, from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma).

        Noun

        coma n (plural coma's, no diminutive)

        1. coma (state of unconsciousness)
        Derived terms

        Etymology 2

        Borrowed from Latin coma, from Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē).

        Noun

        coma f (plural coma's, diminutive comaatje n)

        1. coma (head of a comet)

        French

        Etymology

        Etymology tree
        Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē)bor.
        Latin cōmalbor.
        French coma

          Learned borrowing from Latin cōma, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma).

          Pronunciation

          Noun

          coma m (plural comas)

          1. coma (state of unconsciousness)
            • 1825, Etienne-Marin Bailly, Traité anatomico-pathologique des fièvres intermittentes simples et pernicieuses:
              Le coma suivi de symptômes convulsifs, est moins dangereux que lorsqu'il leur succède, à moins que dans ce dernier cas il soit nerveux, et que le malade se réveille facilement, on exécute, sinon des mouvements volontaires, au moins des mouvements automatiques.
              (please add an English translation of this quotation)

          Derived terms

          Descendants

          • → Persian: کما (komâ)
          • → Turkish: koma

          Further reading

          Galician

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /ˈkoma/ [ˈko.mɐ]
          • Rhymes: -oma
          • Hyphenation: co‧ma

          Etymology 1

          Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese coma, this from Latin como plus either ad or ac.

          Conjunction

          coma

          1. as (to the same degree that)
            Non es tan alto coma Xan ― You're not as tall as John.

          Etymology 2

          Etymology tree
          Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē)bor.
          Latin coma
          Old Galician-Portuguese coma
          Galician coma

            Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese coma (“mane”), from Latin coma (“hair of the head”), borrowed from Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē, “hair of the head”).

            Noun

            coma f (plural comas)

            1. coma (of a comet)
            2. mane (of a horse)
              Synonym: crina

            Etymology 3

            Learned borrowing from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma), from κόπτω (kóptō, “to cut”).

            Noun

            coma f (plural comas)

            1. (typography) comma
              Synonym: vírgula

            Etymology 4

              Borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

              Noun

              coma m (plural comas)

              1. coma (deep sleep)

              Etymology 5

              Verb

              coma

              1. inflection of comer:
                1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
                2. third-person singular imperative

              References

              Further reading

              Interlingua

              Noun

              coma (uncountable)

              1. coma

              Italian

              Pronunciation

              • IPA(key): /ˈkɔ.ma/
              • Rhymes: -ɔma
              • Hyphenation: cò‧ma

              Etymology 1

              Borrowed from Latin coma (“hair of the head”), borrowed from Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē).

              Noun

              coma f (plural come)

              1. (literary, obsolete) synonym of chioma
              2. (optics, uncountable) coma

              Further reading

              • “coma1”, in Vocabolario Treccani on line (in Italian), Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2026

              Etymology 2

              From Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).

              Noun

              coma m (plural comi)

              1. (typography) alternative form of comma (“punctuation mark”)

              Further reading

              • “coma2”, in Vocabolario Treccani on line (in Italian), Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2026

              Etymology 3

              Borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

              Noun

              coma m (invariable)

              1. coma (deep sleep)

              Further reading

              • “coma3”, in Vocabolario Treccani on line (in Italian), Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2026

              Anagrams

              Ladin

              Noun

              coma f (plural comes)

              1. (Val di Fassa, law) subsection
              2. (Val di Fassa, orthography) comma
                Synonym: vìrgola

              Latin

              Etymology

                Borrowed from Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē, “hair of the head”). For sense 2, compare crīniō (“to cover with leaves, or hair”).

                Pronunciation

                Noun

                coma f (genitive comae); first declension

                1. The hair of the head.
                  Synonyms: crīnis, capillus
                2. foliage, ears, blades, stalks of trees, grass (as though resembling hair)

                Declension

                First-declension noun.

                singular plural
                nominative coma comae
                genitive comae comārum
                dative comae comīs
                accusative comam comās
                ablative comā comīs
                vocative coma comae

                Derived terms

                Descendants

                References

                • “coma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
                • “coma”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
                • "coma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
                • “coma”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
                • “coma”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

                Portuguese

                Pronunciation

                • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈkõ.mɐ/

                • Audio (Portugal (Porto)); [ˈkwo.mɐ]:(file)
                • Rhymes: -omɐ
                • Hyphenation: co‧ma

                Etymology 1

                  Borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

                  Noun

                  coma m (plural comas)

                  1. coma, state of unconsciousness

                  Etymology 2

                  Etymology tree
                  Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē)bor.
                  Latin comalbor.
                  Portuguese coma

                    Learned borrowing from Latin coma.

                    Noun

                    coma f (plural comas)

                    1. abundant hair of the head
                      Synonym: cabeleira
                    2. mane
                    3. (astronomy) comet coma

                    See also

                    Etymology 3

                    Etymology tree
                    Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-?
                    Proto-Hellenic *kopt͏̌ō
                    Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō)
                    Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
                    Proto-Hellenic *-mə
                    Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)
                    Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma)
                    Latin commalbor.
                    Portuguese coma

                      Learned borrowing from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).

                      Noun

                      coma f (plural comas)

                      1. (archaic, grammar) comma
                      2. (music) comma
                      3. (music) eighth rest

                      Etymology 4

                        See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

                        Verb

                        coma

                        1. inflection of comer:
                          1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
                          2. third-person singular imperative

                        Further reading

                        Scottish Gaelic

                        Etymology

                        From Old Irish cummae, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm-smiyo-, from *ḱóm (“beside, with, by”) + *sem- (“one, as one”).

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /ˈkʰomə/

                        Adjective

                        coma

                        1. indifferent, unconcerned
                          Tha e coma. ― He couldn't care less.
                          'S mi a tha coma dè thachras. ― I don't give a damn what happens.
                          Coma de sin! ― Never mind that! Forget that!
                          Is coma sin ― It doesn't matter.
                        2. reckless, careless
                        3. expressing dislike or even hate when used with le
                          Is coma leam thu ― I hate you.
                          Is coma leis an rìgh Eòghann agus is coma le Eòghann co-dhiù ― The king doesn't like Eòghann, but Eòghann doesn't care whether the king likes him or not.

                        Derived terms

                        Mutation

                        Mutation of coma
                        radical lenition
                        coma choma

                        Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
                        All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

                        Further reading

                        Spanish

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /ˈkoma/ [ˈko.ma]
                        • Audio (Colombia):(file)
                        • Rhymes: -oma
                        • Syllabification: co‧ma

                        Etymology 1

                        Etymology tree
                        Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-?
                        Proto-Hellenic *kopt͏̌ō
                        Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō)
                        Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
                        Proto-Hellenic *-mə
                        Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)
                        Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma)
                        Latin commalbor.
                        Spanish coma

                          Learned borrowing from Latin comma.

                          Noun

                          coma f (plural comas)

                          1. comma (punctuation mark)
                          2. (church) misericord
                          3. (music) section
                          Derived terms

                          Etymology 2

                            Borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).

                            Noun

                            coma m (plural comas)

                            1. coma (deep sleep)

                            Etymology 3

                            Etymology tree
                            Ancient Greek κόμη (kómē)bor.
                            Latin comalbor.
                            Spanish coma

                              Learned borrowing from Latin coma.[1]

                              Noun

                              coma f (plural comas)

                              1. (rare) mane
                                Synonym: crin

                              Etymology 4

                                See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

                                Verb

                                coma

                                1. inflection of comer:
                                  1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
                                  2. third-person singular imperative

                                Further reading

                                References

                                1. ^ Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1983–1991), “coma”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎[1] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

                                Welsh

                                Etymology

                                Etymology tree
                                Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-?
                                Proto-Hellenic *kopt͏̌ō
                                Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō)
                                Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
                                Proto-Hellenic *-mə
                                Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)
                                Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma)
                                Latin commabor.
                                English commabor.
                                Welsh coma

                                  Borrowed from English comma

                                  Pronunciation

                                  • IPA(key): /ˈkɔma/

                                  Noun

                                  coma m (plural comas)

                                  1. comma
                                    Synonym: atalnod

                                  Mutation

                                  Mutated forms of coma
                                  radical soft nasal aspirate
                                  coma goma nghoma choma

                                  Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
                                  All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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