hate

See also: Appendix:Variations of "hate"

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₂d-der.
Proto-Germanic *hataz
Proto-West Germanic *hati
Old English hete
Middle English heteder.
▲
Middle English hateninflu.
Middle English hate
English hate

    From Middle English haate, hat, hate (noun), probably from Old English hatian (“to hate”, verb) and/or Old Norse hatr (“hate”, noun).[1][2][3][4] Merged with Middle English het, hete (“hate”), from Old English hete, from Proto-West Germanic *hati, from Proto-Germanic *hataz (“hate”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₂d- (“angriness, hatred”).

    Cognates

    Cognate with Dutch haat (“hatred”), German Hass, Haß (“hate, hatred”), Luxembourgish Haass (“hate, hatred”), Vilamovian hās (“hate, hatred”), Yiddish האַס (has, “hatred”), Danish had (“hate, hatred”), Faroese and Icelandic hatur (“hatred, spite, aversion”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish hat (“hate, hatred”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌹𐍃 (hatis, “hate, wrath”); also Breton and Cornish kas (“hatred”), Old Irish miscuis (“hatred”), Welsh cas (“hatred”), Oscan 𐌊𐌀𐌃𐌄𐌝𐌔 (kadeís, “enmity”), Ancient Greek κῆδος (kêdos, “care for others; troubles; mourning”), Sanskrit रि॒शाद॑स् (riśā́das, “benign or devouring or destroying enemies”).

    Cognates

    Cognate with Saterland Frisian hoatje (“to hate”), West Frisian haatsje (“to hate”), Cimbrian haazan (“to hate”), Dutch haten (“to hate”), German hassen (“to hate”), Luxembourgish haassen (“to hate”), Yiddish האַסן (hasn, “to hate”), Danish hade (“to hate”), Icelandic, Faroese, and Swedish hata (“to hate”), Norwegian Bokmål hate (“to hate”), Norwegian Nynorsk hata, hate (“to hate”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌽 (hatan, “to hate”).

    Noun

    hate (countable and uncountable, plural hates)

    1. An object of hatred.
      One of my pet hates is traffic wardens.
    2. Hatred.
      He gave me a look filled with pure hate.
    3. (metonymic)
      1. (Internet slang) Negative feedback, abusive behaviour.
        There was a lot of hate in the comments on my vlog about Lady Gaga from her fans.
      2. Bigotry.
        The corporation said it would not tolerate hate.
    Derived terms
    Descendants
    • → Polish: hejt
    • → Russian: хейт (xejt)
    • → Serbo-Croatian: hejt
    Translations

    Etymology 2

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₂d-der.
    Proto-Germanic *hataz
    Proto-Germanic *-āną
    Proto-Germanic *hatāną
    Proto-West Germanic *hatēn
    Old English hatian
    Middle English haten
    English hate

      Inherited from Middle English haten, hate, from Old English hatian (“to hate, treat as an enemy”), from Proto-West Germanic *hatēn, from Proto-Germanic *hatāną (“to hate”), from Proto-Germanic *hataz, from the same root as above.

      Verb

      hate (third-person singular simple present hates, present participle hating, simple past and past participle hated)

      1. (transitive) To dislike intensely or greatly.
        As a kid, I used to hate to cycle to school every morning.
        I hate to say it, but I know we're going to lose.
        • 1997, Popular Science, volume 251, number 4, page 34:
          People who hate broccoli may have super-sensitive taste buds.
      2. (intransitive) To experience a feeling of hatred.
      3. (informal, slang, originally African-American Vernacular) Used in a phrasal verb: hate on.
        I put ranch dressing on pizza. Please don't hate on me.
      Usage notes
      Conjugation
      Conjugation of hate
      infinitive (to) hate
      present tense past tense
      1st-person singular hate hated
      2nd-person singular hate, hatest† hated, hatedst†
      3rd-person singular hates, hateth† hated
      plural hate
      subjunctive hate hated
      imperative hate —
      participles hating hated

      † Archaic or obsolete.

      Synonyms
      Antonyms
      Derived terms
      Translations

      References

      1. ^ “hāte, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
      2. ^ “hate, n.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
      3. ^ Dance, Richard; Pons-Sanz, Sara; Schorn, Brittany (2019), “hate n”, in The Gersum Project Freely accessible⁠‎[1], University of Cambridge, University of Cardiff, and the University of Sheffield.
      4. ^ Onions, C[harles] T., Friedrichsen, G. W. S., and Burchfield, R[obert] W., editors (1966), “hate”, in The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology‎[2], Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 430, column 3; reprinted 1994.

      Anagrams

      Bola

      Etymology

      Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay.

      Noun

      hate

      1. liver

      References

      Cia-Cia

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

      From Proto-Celebic *qate, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay.

      Noun

      hate (Hangul spelling 하떼)

      1. (anatomy) liver (organ of the body)

      References

      • Van den Berg, Rene (1991). "Preliminary Notes on the Cia-Cia Language," in Excursies in Celebes, pp. 305-324.

      Dutch

      Pronunciation

      • Audio:(file)

      Verb

      hate

      1. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of haten

      Japanese

      Romanization

      hate

      1. Rōmaji transcription of はて

      Middle English

      Etymology 1

        Most likely a modification of earlier hete (from Old English hete) after haten, though compare Old Norse hatr.

        Alternative forms

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ˈhaːt(ə)/

        Noun

        hate (plural hates)

        1. Hate, hatred, anger, wroth.
          Synonyms: haterede, hatynge, hete
        2. Something that causes or induces hate; insults, demeaning words.
        3. The results of hate; enmity, discord, turmoil.
          Synonyms: haterede, hete
        4. (rare) Something that one hates.
        Descendants
        References

        Etymology 2

        Verb

        hate

        1. alternative form of haten

        Norwegian Bokmål

        Etymology

        From Old Norse hata.

        Verb

        hate (imperative hat, present tense hater, passive hates, simple past and past participle hata or hatet, present participle hatende)

        1. to hate (somebody / something)

        References

        Norwegian Nynorsk

        Alternative forms

        Etymology

        From Old Norse hata.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /²hɑːtə/

        Verb

        hate (present tense hatar, past tense hata, past participle hata, passive infinitive hatast, present participle hatande, imperative hate/hat)

        1. to hate (someone, something)

        References

        Old English

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ˈxɑː.te/, [ˈhɑː.te]
        • Rhymes: -ɑː.te

        Etymology 1

        Verb

        hāte

        1. first-person singular present indicative of hātan

        Etymology 2

        From hāt (“hot, rough”) +‎ -e (“-ly”).

        Adverb

        hāte (superlative hātost)

        1. hotly, hot, with great heat
        2. fervently, ardently, passionately
        3. furiously, violently
          • 10th century, The Ruin:
            Stānhofu stōdan, strēam hāte wearp wīdan wylme; weal eall befēng beorhtan bōsme, þǣr þā baþu wǣron, hāt on hreþre. Þæt wæs hȳðelīċ.
            The stone-houses stood; a stream roughly threw from afar into a seethe; the wall fully beset the bright breast, where the baths were, hot in heart. That was fitting.

        Further reading

        Etymology 3

        Adjective

        hāte

        1. inflection of hāt:
          1. strong instrumental masculine/neuter singular
          2. strong accusative feminine singular
          3. strong nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural
          4. weak nominative feminine/neuter singular
          5. weak accusative neuter singular

        Romanian

        Etymology

          Unadapted borrowing from English hate.

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /hejt/
          • Rhymes: -ejt
          • Hyphenation: hate

          Noun

          hate ? (uncountable)

          1. (Internet, sociology) hate (hateful or spiteful comments, especially online)

          Declension

          singular only indefinite definite
          nominative-accusative hate hate-ul
          genitive-dative hate hate-ului
          vocative —

          Ternate

          Etymology

          Does not continue Proto-North Halmahera *gota (“tree”). However, compare Proto-Timor-Alor-Pantar *hate ("tree").

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /ˈha.te/

          Noun

          hate (Jawi هاتي)

          1. tree
          2. wood
          3. (by extension) woodwork

          References

          • Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890), Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
          • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

          Unami

          Verb

          hate

          1. there is, there exists
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