-mo

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mo"

English

Etymology

From Latin ending and apparent suffix of cardinal numbers.

Suffix

-mo

1. (paper, printing) Used to form page and book sizes.

Derived terms

terms formed using -mo

• eighteenmo, 18mo
• forty-eightmo, 48mo
• sixmo, 6mo
• sixteenmo, 16mo
• sixty-fourmo, 64mo
• thirty-twomo, 32mo
• twelvemo, 12mo
• twenty-fourmo, 24mo

Anagrams

• O&M, O.M., OM, om

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech -mo, from Proto-Slavic *-mo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ mo]
• Hyphenation: -mo

Suffix

-mo (adverb-forming suffix)

1. used to form adverbs from verbs

   ‎snožit + ‎-mo → ‎snožmo

   ‎rozkročit + ‎-mo → ‎rozkročmo

   ‎jezdit + ‎-mo → ‎jízdmo

2. used to form adverbs from collective numerals

   ‎dvoje + ‎-mo → ‎dvojmo

   ‎troje + ‎-mo → ‎trojmo

3. used to form adverbs from nouns

   ‎kůň + ‎-mo → ‎koňmo

Derived terms

Czech terms suffixed with -mo

darmo

dvojmo

jízdmo

klečmo

koňmo

kradmo

letmo

ležmo

mermomocí

obkročmo

potažmo

rozkročmo

roznožmo

snožmo

stojmo

šeptmo

trojmo

vidmo

zkusmo

Further reading

• -mo in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Finnish

Alternative forms

• -imo

Etymology

From earlier -ma-i (with labialization, see -i), from -ma +‎ -i.

Suffix

-mo (front-vowel variant -mö, linguistic notation -mO)

1. Forms nouns from verbs, indicating a place where the action is performed; -ery.

   ‎korjata (“to repair”) + ‎-mo → ‎korjaamo (“repair shop”)

   ‎leipoa (“to bake”) + ‎-mo → ‎leipomo (“bakery”)

   ‎kehystää (“to frame”) + ‎-mö → ‎kehystämö (“frame shop”)

2. Forms flower names.

   ‎kärsä (“snout”) + ‎-mö → ‎kärsämö (“yarrow”)

   ‎tähti (“star”) + ‎-mö → ‎tähtimö (“starwort”)

Usage notes

Attached to the strong stem. A preceding -e- becomes -i-.

Declension

Inflection of -mo (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation)
nominative		-mo	-mot
genitive		-mon	-mojen -moiden -moitten
partitive		-moa	-moja -moita
illative		-moon	-moihin
		singular	plural
nominative		-mo	-mot
accusative	nom.	-mo	-mot
	gen.	-mon
genitive		-mon	-mojen -moiden -moitten
partitive		-moa	-moja -moita
inessive		-mossa	-moissa
elative		-mosta	-moista
illative		-moon	-moihin
adessive		-molla	-moilla
ablative		-molta	-moilta
allative		-molle	-moille
essive		-mona	-moina
translative		-moksi	-moiksi
abessive		-motta	-moitta
instructive		—	-moin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -mo (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -moni -moni accusative nom. -moni -moni gen. -moni genitive -moni -mojeni -moideni -moitteni partitive -moani -mojani -moitani inessive -mossani -moissani elative -mostani -moistani illative -mooni -moihini adessive -mollani -moillani ablative -moltani -moiltani allative -molleni -moilleni essive -monani -moinani translative -mokseni -moikseni abessive -mottani -moittani instructive — — comitative — -moineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -mosi -mosi accusative nom. -mosi -mosi gen. -mosi genitive -mosi -mojesi -moidesi -moittesi partitive -moasi -mojasi -moitasi inessive -mossasi -moissasi elative -mostasi -moistasi illative -moosi -moihisi adessive -mollasi -moillasi ablative -moltasi -moiltasi allative -mollesi -moillesi essive -monasi -moinasi translative -moksesi -moiksesi abessive -mottasi -moittasi instructive — — comitative — -moinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -momme -momme accusative nom. -momme -momme gen. -momme genitive -momme -mojemme -moidemme -moittemme partitive -moamme -mojamme -moitamme inessive -mossamme -moissamme elative -mostamme -moistamme illative -moomme -moihimme adessive -mollamme -moillamme ablative -moltamme -moiltamme allative -mollemme -moillemme essive -monamme -moinamme translative -moksemme -moiksemme abessive -mottamme -moittamme instructive — — comitative — -moinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -monne -monne accusative nom. -monne -monne gen. -monne genitive -monne -mojenne -moidenne -moittenne partitive -moanne -mojanne -moitanne inessive -mossanne -moissanne elative -mostanne -moistanne illative -moonne -moihinne adessive -mollanne -moillanne ablative -moltanne -moiltanne allative -mollenne -moillenne essive -monanne -moinanne translative -moksenne -moiksenne abessive -mottanne -moittanne instructive — — comitative — -moinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative -monsa -monsa accusative nom. -monsa -monsa gen. -monsa genitive -monsa -mojensa -moidensa -moittensa partitive -moaan -moansa -mojaan -moitaan -mojansa -moitansa inessive -mossaan -mossansa -moissaan -moissansa elative -mostaan -mostansa -moistaan -moistansa illative -moonsa -moihinsa adessive -mollaan -mollansa -moillaan -moillansa ablative -moltaan -moltansa -moiltaan -moiltansa allative -molleen -mollensa -moilleen -moillensa essive -monaan -monansa -moinaan -moinansa translative -mokseen -moksensa -moikseen -moiksensa abessive -mottaan -mottansa -moittaan -moittansa instructive — — comitative — -moineen -moinensa

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -mo

arkittamo

Auramo

haihduttamo

hajottamo

hakettamo

hautomo

Heilimo

heräämö

hiertämö

hiomo

hitsaamo

huoltamo

hyötämö

höyläämö

jakamo

jalostamo

jatkumo

julkimo

juottamo

jäljentämö

jäädyttämö

jäähdyttämö

kahlaamo

kampaamo

karistamo

karstaamo

karvaamo

kasvattamo

katsastamo

katsomo

kehräämö

kehystämö

keittämö

keltamo

kiihdyttämö

kirjaamo

koksaamo

koksittamo

kollamo

korjaamo

Kosamo

Kostamo

krakkaamo

kuirimo

kuivaamo

kuivattamo

kunnostamo

kuorimo

kustantamo

kutomo

kuuluttamo

Kuusamo

kuutamo

kuvaamo

kyllästämö

kypsyttämö

kärsämö

lainaamo

lajittamo

lataamo

latomo

lavastamo

leikkaamo

Leinamo

leipomo

louhimo

lähettämö

maalaamo

mallastamo

matkustamo

mehustamo

monistamo

muonittamo

murskaamo

muuntamo

mädättämö

näyttämö

ohjaamo

Ojamo

Onkamo

ottamo

painamo

pakastamo

pakkaamo

Paltamo

polttamo

poraamo

prässäämö

puhdistamo

pullottamo

pumppaamo

pumppuamo

puristamo

purkaamo

purkamo

puvustamo

pähkämö

Raikamo

ratamo

Reunamo

rikastamo

romuttamo

rouhimo

sauramo

savustamo

selostamo

siistaamo

sintraamo

sitomo

somistamo

sorvaamo

Sotkamo

Suistamo

sulattamo

suodattamo

säilymö

takomo

tarkastamo

tarkkaamo

teurastamo

tislaamo

Toljamo

tuhkaamo

vaatehtimo

valmistamo

valokuvaamo

valssaamo

valvomo

vanamo

varaamo

varustamo

veistämö

Vennamo

verhoomo

viilaamo

viinimö

Virtamo

vuokraamo

Väinämöinen

värjäämö

äänittämö

Ilocano

Alternative forms

• -m — after vowels and suffixes -en and -an

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-mu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo/, /mu/

Pronoun

-mo

1. Second-person singular ergative enclitic pronoun; you

   Ilukatmo man ti tawa. ― Can you please open the window?

   Saludsodem no ania ti makan madamdama. ― (You) ask what the food is for later.

2. Second-person singular possessive marker; your

   Nagpintas ti anakmo. ― Your child is beautiful.

   Napudot ti kapem. ― Your coffee is hot.

Usage notes

• When attached to verbs ending with the suffixes -en or -an, the n of the suffix is dropped and the enclitic (in the form -m) is attached.

  ‎lutuen (“to cook”) + ‎-m(o) → ‎lutuem (“you cook”)

  ‎dalusan (“to clean”) + ‎-m(o) → ‎dalusam (“you clean”)

• When attached to the enclitic -(e)n, the pronoun becomes -mon, even if the enclitic is in the form -m.

  Linutom ti manok? ― Did you cook the chicken?

  Linutomon ti manok? ― Have you already cooked the chicken?

• When attached to the negative adverb di, the pronoun retains its ending o despite di ending with a vowel.

  Dimo koma malipatan isuna. ― I hope you won't forget him/her.

See also

Ilocano personal pronouns

Person	Number	Absolutive		Ergative	Oblique	Possessive
		Disjunctive	Enclitic	Enclitic3		bági form	kukua form
First	singular	siak	-ak	-ko, -k	kaniak	bagik	kukuak, kuak
	dual	data, sita1	-ta		kaniata, kadata	bagita	kukuata
	plural inclusive	datayo, sitayo1	-tayo, -tay		kaniatayo, kadatayo	bagitayo	kukuatayo
	plural exclusive	dakami, sikami1	-kami, -kam	-mi	kaniami, kadakami	bagimi	kukuami
Second	singular	sika	-ka	-mo, -m	kaniam, kenka	bagim	kukuam
	plural	dakayo, sikayo1	-kayo, -kay	-yo	kaniayo, kadakayo	bagiyo	kukuayo
Third	singular	isu, isuna	Ø2	-na	kaniana, kenkuana	bagina	kukuana
	plural	isuda	-da		kaniada, kadakuada	bagida	kukuada

¹Regional variants.
²Null morpheme: there is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used.
³Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers.

Fused enclitics

Actor	Patient
	siak	data	datayo	dakami	sika	dakayo	isu5	isuda
siak	bagik4	—	—	—	-ka	-kayo	-ko, -k	-ko ida, -k ida
data	—	bagita4	—	—	—	—	-ta	-ta ida
datayo	—	—	bagitayo4	—	—	—	-tayo	-tayo ida
dakami	—	—	—	bagimi4	-daka	-dakayo	-mi	-mi ida
sika	-nak	—	—	-nakami	bagim4	—	-mo, -m	-mo ida, -m ida
dakayo	-dak	-data	—	-dakami	—	bagiyo4	-yo	-yo ida
isu	-nak	-nata	-natayo	-nakami	-naka	-nakayo	bagina4, -na	-na ida
isuda	-dak	-data	-datayo	-dakami	-daka	-dakayo	-da	bagida4, -da ida

⁴Reflexive pronouns use the bagí form.
⁵ isu or isuna may also be added after the enclitics in this column.

Makasar

Suffix

-mo (Lontara spelling ᨆᨚ)(enclitic)

1. perfective aspect marker

Related terms

Makasar Tense, Aspect, Modality and pronominal enclitics

	perfective -mo	imperfective -pa	limitative -ja	or -ka
1st sg / 1st pl exclusive	-maʼ	-paʼ	-jaʼ	-kaʼ
1st pl exclusive (archaic)	-makang	-pakang	-jakang	-kakang
1st pl inclusive / 2nd sg polite	-makiʼ	-pakiʼ	-jakiʼ	-kakiʼ
2nd sg / pl familiar	-mako	-pako	-jako	-kako
3rd sg / pl	-mi	-pi	-ji	-kai

Ojibwe

Etymology

Compare Potawatomi -mo.

Final

-mo

1. speak

Usage notes

Used with a noun base to mean speaks the language of

Derived terms

• anishinaabemo
• bwaanimo
• ojibwemo
• wemitigoozhiimo
• zhaaganaashiimo

See also

• gaagiigido
• -gido
• ikido
• izhi
• -we
• -wewid

References

• The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/word-part/mo-final

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-mo.

Suffix

-mo

1. used to form adverbs from verbs

   ‎choditi + ‎-mo → ‎chodmo

   ‎okročiti + ‎-mo → ‎okročmo

   ‎lučiti + ‎-mo → ‎lučmo

   ‎plúti + ‎-mo → ‎plovmo

Derived terms

Old Czech terms suffixed with -mo

bělmo

Descendants

• > Czech: -mo

Ottawa

Final

-mo

1. speak

References

• Jerry Randolph Valentine (2001), Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar, University of Toronto, page 395

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьmo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɔ
• Syllabification: -mo

Suffix

-mo n

1. (obsolete) forms neuter nouns

   ‎pisać + ‎-mo → ‎pismo

Declension

Declension of -mo

	singular	plural
nominative	-mo	-ma
genitive	-ma	-em
dative	-mu	-mom
accusative	-mo	-ma
instrumental	-mem	-mami
locative	-mie	-mach
vocative	-mo	-ma

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -mo

bielmo

mimo

prażmo

widmo

Further reading

• “-mo”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[1] (in Polish)

Potawatomi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Algonquian *-mo. Cognate to Ojibwe and Ottawa -mo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-mo/

Suffix

-mo anim (intransitive)

1. to speak the language of

   ‎kche-mokman + ‎-mo → ‎kche-mokmanmo

   ‎më'ingën + ‎-mo → ‎më'ingënmo

   ‎nadwé + ‎-mo → ‎nadwémo

   ‎was- + ‎-mo → ‎wasmo

Derived terms

Potawatomi terms suffixed with -mo

Anmamo

Bodwéwadmimo

Bodéwadmimo

Chemokmanmo

Epéchimo

kche-mokmanmo

Maygomo

mnomnimo

Mskokimo

Mskwakimo

Méygomo

më'ingënmo

nadwémo

nadwésmo

Neshnabémo

Ojepwémo

Sakimo

wabnakimo

wasmo

Wdawamo

Wémtegoshimo

Zhagnashimo

References

• Lockwood, Hunter Thompson (2017), How the Potawatomi Language Lives: A Grammar of Potawatomi (PhD dissertation)‎^[2], Madison: University of Wisconsin-Madison, page 2

Slovak

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *-mo

Old Slovak -mo

Slovak -mo

Inherited from Old Slovak -mo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɔ/, [mɔ]

Suffix

-mo (adverb-forming suffix)

1. used to form adverbs from verbs

   ‎obkročiť + ‎-mo → ‎obkročmo

Derived terms

Slovak terms suffixed with -mo

obkročmo

Swahili

Suffix

-mo

1. mu class_(XVIII) relative marker, wherein

   walimoingia ― where they entered

See also

Swahili verbal concords (third person)

class	subject concord		object concord	relative
	affirmative	negative
m(I)	a-, yu-	ha-, hayu-	-m-, -mw-, -mu-	-ye
wa(II)	wa-	hawa-	-wa-	-o
m(III)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
mi(IV)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
ji(V)	li-	hali-	-li-	-lo
ma(VI)	ya-	haya-	-ya-	-yo
ki(VII)	ki-	haki-	-ki-	-cho
vi(VIII)	vi-	havi-	-vi-	-vyo
n(IX)	i-	hai-	-i-	-yo
n(X)	zi-	hazi-	-zi-	-zo
u(XI)	u-	hau-	-u-	-o
ku(XV/XVII)	ku-	haku-	-ku-	-ko
pa(XVI)	pa-	hapa-	-pa-	-po
mu(XVIII)	m-, mw-, mu-	ham-, hamw-, hamu-	-mu-	-mo

For a full table including first and second person,
see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns