rival

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin rīvālis (literally “person using the same stream as another”). By surface analysis, Latin rīvus +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɹaɪvəl/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɪvəl

Noun

rival (plural rivals)

  1. A competitor (person, team, company, etc.) with the same goal as another, or striving to attain the same thing. Defeating a rival may be a primary or necessary goal of a competitor.
    Chris is my biggest rival in the 400-metre race.
    We play our biggest rival tomorrow.
    • 1983, “Karma Chameleon”, in Colour by Numbers, performed by Culture Club:
      Every day is like survival / You're my lover, not my rival
    • 2013 June 21, Oliver Burkeman, “The tao of tech”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 27:
      The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about […], or offering services that let you […] "share the things you love with the world" and so on. But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention.
  2. Someone or something with similar claims of quality or distinction as another.
    As a social historian, he has no rival.
  3. (obsolete) One having a common right or privilege with another; a partner.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

rival (not comparable)

  1. Having the same pretensions or claims; standing in competition for superiority.
    rival lovers
    rival claims or pretensions

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

rival (third-person singular simple present rivals, present participle (US) rivaling or (UK) rivalling, simple past and past participle (US) rivaled or (UK) rivalled)

  1. (transitive) To oppose or compete with.
    to rival somebody in love
  2. To be equal to, or match, or to surpass another.
    • 1941 January, C. Hamilton Ellis, “The Scottish Station”, in Railway Magazine, page 1:
      But the Waverley is still the best-placed station of any British city, and gives the arriving stranger a first impression rivalled in Europe only by the exclusively watery station approach at Venice.
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 1, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
      The original family who had begun to build a palace to rival Nonesuch had died out before they had put up little more than the gateway, […] .
  3. To strive to equal or excel; to emulate.
    • 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
      to rival thunder in its rapid course

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

    Learned borrowing from Latin rīvālis.

    Pronunciation

    Adjective

    rival m or f (masculine and feminine plural rivals)

    1. rival

    Derived terms

    • rivalitzar

    Noun

    rival m or f by sense (plural rivals)

    1. rival

    Further reading

    Chavacano

    Etymology

    Inherited from Spanish rival (“rival”).

    Pronunciation

    • Hyphenation: ri‧val

    Noun

    rival

    1. rival

    Czech

    Etymology

      Borrowed from German Rival.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): [ˈrɪval]

      Noun

      rival m anim (female equivalent rivalka)

      1. rival, competitor, opponent
        sportovní rivalové. ― sports rivals.

      Declension

      Declension of rival (hard masculine animate)
      singular plural
      nominative rival rivalové
      genitive rivala rivalů
      dative rivalovi, rivalu rivalům
      accusative rivala rivaly
      vocative rivale rivalové
      locative rivalovi, rivalu rivalech
      instrumental rivalem rivaly

      French

      Etymology

        Learned borrowing from Latin rīvālis (literally “person using the same stream as another”), from rīvus (“small stream, brook”). Unrelated to rive.

        Pronunciation

        Adjective

        rival (feminine rivale, masculine plural rivaux, feminine plural rivales)

        1. (relational) rival
          Near-synonym: adverse

        Noun

        rival m (plural rivaux, feminine rivale)

        1. rival
          Near-synonym: adversaire

        Derived terms

        Descendants

        • → Norwegian Bokmål: rival

        Further reading

        Anagrams

        German

        Etymology

        Ultimately from Latin rīvālis.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): [ʁiˈvaːl]
        • Hyphenation: ri‧val

        Adjective

        rival (strong nominative masculine singular rivaler, not comparable)

        1. (economics, of a good) rivalrous
          • 2012, Michael Goldhammer, Geistiges Eigentum und Eigentumstheorie, Mohr Siebeck, page 196:
            Als zweites Argument gegen die Möglichkeit von geistigem Eigentum wird häufig vorgebracht, dass immaterielle Güter ihrer Natur nach nicht rival seien […]
            As a second argument against the possibility of intellectual property, it is often brought forward that immaterial goods are not rivalrous by nature

        Declension

        Positive forms of rival (uncomparable)
        number & gender singular plural
        masculine feminine neuter
        predicative er ist rival sie ist rival es ist rival sie sind rival
        strong declension
        (without article)         		nominative rivaler rivale rivales rivale
        genitive rivalen rivaler rivalen rivaler
        dative rivalem rivaler rivalem rivalen
        accusative rivalen rivale rivales rivale
        weak declension
        (with definite article)         		nominative der rivale die rivale das rivale die rivalen
        genitive des rivalen der rivalen des rivalen der rivalen
        dative dem rivalen der rivalen dem rivalen den rivalen
        accusative den rivalen die rivale das rivale die rivalen
        mixed declension
        (with indefinite article)         		nominative ein rivaler eine rivale ein rivales (keine) rivalen
        genitive eines rivalen einer rivalen eines rivalen (keiner) rivalen
        dative einem rivalen einer rivalen einem rivalen (keinen) rivalen
        accusative einen rivalen eine rivale ein rivales (keine) rivalen

        Norwegian Bokmål

        Etymology

        From French rival (“rival”), from Latin rīvālis (“of or pertaining to a brook; rival”), from rīvus (“brook; channel”), from Proto-Italic *rīwos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃riH-wó-s, from *h₃reyH- (“to move, flow”), from *h₃er- (“to move, stir”).

        Noun

        rival m (definite singular rivalen, indefinite plural rivaler, definite plural rivalene)

        1. a rival

        Derived terms

        References

        Norwegian Nynorsk

        Etymology

        From Latin rivalis, via French rival.

        Noun

        rival m (definite singular rivalen, indefinite plural rivalar, definite plural rivalane)

        1. a rival

        Derived terms

        References

        Portuguese

        Pronunciation

         
         
        • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁiˈval/ [ʁiˈvaɫ]
          • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁiˈbal/ [ʁiˈβaɫ]
          • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁiˈva.li/

        • Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
        • Hyphenation: ri‧val

        Noun

        rival m or f by sense (plural rivais)

        1. rival (competitor with the same objective)
          Synonyms: adversário, oponente

        Adjective

        rival m or f (plural rivais)

        1. rival (standing in competition)

        Further reading

        Romanian

        Etymology

        Etymology tree
        Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
        Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH-
        Proto-Indo-European *-wós
        Proto-Indo-European *h₃riHwós
        Proto-Italic *rīwos
        Archaic Latin rīvos
        Latin rīvus
        Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
        Proto-Indo-European *-is
        Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
        Proto-Italic *-ālis
        Latin -ālis
        Latin rīvālislbor.
        French rivalbor.
        Romanian rival

          Borrowed from French rival, a learned borrowing from Latin rīvālis.

          Noun

          rival m (plural rivali)

          1. rival

          Declension

          singular plural
          indefinite definite indefinite definite
          nominative-accusative rival rivalul rivali rivalii
          genitive-dative rival rivalului rivali rivalilor
          vocative rivalule rivalilor

          Serbo-Croatian

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /rǐʋaːl/
          • Hyphenation: ri‧val

          Noun

          rìvāl m anim (Cyrillic spelling рѝва̄л)

          1. rival, adversary

          Declension

          Declension of rival
          singular plural
          nominative rìvāl rivali
          genitive rivála riválā
          dative rivalu rivalima
          accusative rivala rivale
          vocative rivale rivali
          locative rivalu rivalima
          instrumental rivalom rivalima

          Spanish

          Etymology

          Etymology tree
          Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
          Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH-
          Proto-Indo-European *-wós
          Proto-Indo-European *h₃riHwós
          Proto-Italic *rīwos
          Archaic Latin rīvos
          Latin rīvus
          Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
          Proto-Indo-European *-is
          Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
          Proto-Italic *-ālis
          Latin -ālis
          Latin rīvālisder.
          Spanish rival

            Derived from Latin rīvālis.

            Pronunciation

            • IPA(key): /riˈbal/ [riˈβ̞al]
            • Rhymes: -al
            • Syllabification: ri‧val

            Adjective

            rival m or f (masculine and feminine plural rivales)

            1. rival
            2. adverse
              Synonym: adverso

            Noun

            rival m or f by sense (plural rivales)

            1. rival
              Synonyms: adversario, antagonista, competidor, contrario, oponente

            Derived terms

            Further reading

            Swedish

            Etymology

            From Latin rivalis, via French rival.

            Pronunciation

            • Audio:(file)

            Noun

            rival c

            1. rival

            Declension

            Declension of rival
            nominative genitive
            singular indefinite rival rivals
            definite rivalen rivalens
            plural indefinite rivaler rivalers
            definite rivalerna rivalernas

            Further reading

            • “rival”, in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker [Dictionaries of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
            • rival in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

            Anagrams

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