bunga

See also: Bunga

Languages (21)

Aklanon • Balinese • Brunei Malay • Cebuano • Central Bikol • Dupaningan Agta • Higaonon • Icelandic • Ilocano • Indonesian • Japanese • Kankanaey • Limos Kalinga • Lingala • Lubuagan Kalinga • Makasar • Malay • Mandar • Ngombe (Congo) • Tagalog • Tausug

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Page categories

Aklanon

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Aklanon bunga

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbuː.ŋa]
• Rhymes: -uŋa
• Syllabification: bu‧nga

Noun

bunga

1. fruit
2. betel palm; areca palm (Areca catechu)
3. betel nut; areca nut

Derived terms

• bungahan
• mabungahon
• magbunga
• pabunga
• tagbueunga
• tigbueunga

Balinese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa.

Noun

bunga (Balinese script ᬩᬸᬗ) (medya)

1. flower
2. (finance) interest

References

• “bunga”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Brunei Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *buŋaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (compare Malay bunga).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bu.ŋa/

Noun

bunga

1. flower
2. interest (finance)

Cebuano

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Cebuano bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbuː.ŋa]
• Hyphenation: bu‧nga

Noun

búnga (Badlit spelling ᜊᜓᜅ)

1. (botany) a fruit (especially in the context of its parent tree/plant)

   Synonym: prutas

   • 2016 — Sumalinog, Vic, Domingo (15 October), Nunot sa Alisngaw sa Kape, Opinion, Mindanao Times

     Ang mga Cacao^[sic] nga sa milabay nga tuig halos mabawog ang mga sanga sa kadaghan sa bunga, karon mga tuod na lang; ug kon dili man nagtuskig nga mga sanga nga wala nay mga dahon nga bisan gamay nga sanghid sa gikadlit nga posporo silaob dayon tungod sa kapatay na niini.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (by extension) a nut
3. a yield; a product; the quantity of something produced
4. an end result, effect, or consequence; advantageous or disadvantageous result
   • 2017 — Cerojano, Philip A., Ang Katam-is sa Aslom (23 October), Super Bilib, SuperBalita Cebu

     Si Jaime Duran, 54, lumad nga taga Sityo Bato, barangay Ermita, nakatagamtam og haruhay nga pagpuyo bunga sa aslom nga sambag nga maoy nakapahuman og eskwela sa iyang mga anak.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

5. an offspring
6. the areca palm (Areca catechu); a species of palm which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa
7. the areca nut

Central Bikol

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Central Bikol bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbu.ŋa]
• Hyphenation: bu‧nga

Noun

búnga (Basahan spelling ᜊᜓᜅ)

1. areca (nut and leaf)
2. (formal) fruit

   Synonym: prutas

3. (figuratively) result

   Synonym: resulta

4. (by extension, figuratively)

   Synonym: epekto

Derived terms

• magbunga
• mamunga

Dupaningan Agta

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Dupaningan Agta bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).

Noun

bunga

1. fruit

Higaonon

Noun

bunga

1. fruit

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpuŋka]
• Rhymes: -uŋka

Noun

bunga f (genitive singular bungu, nominative plural bungur)

1. bulge, protuberance, elevation

Declension

Declension of bunga (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bunga	bungan	bungur	bungurnar
accusative	bungu	bunguna	bungur	bungurnar
dative	bungu	bungunni	bungum	bungunum
genitive	bungu	bungunnar	bungna	bungnanna

Ilocano

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Ilocano bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbu.ŋa]
• Hyphenation: bu‧nga

Noun

búnga (Kur-itan spelling ᜊᜓᜅ)

1. (botany) fruit
2. (figurative) result
3. (figurative) advantage; benefit
4. (literary, figurative, endearing) child

Derived terms

• agbunga

References

• Constantino, Ernesto (1971), Ilokano Dictionary‎^[1]. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
• Rubino, Carl Ralph Galvez (2000), “bunga”, in Byron W. Bender, editor, Ilocano Dictionary and Grammar: Ilocano-English, English-Ilocano‎^[2] (overall work in English and Ilocano), Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 133

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• boenga (1901–1947)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbu.ŋa]
• Rhymes: -uŋa
• Syllabification: bu‧nga

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay bunga, from Classical Malay bunga, from Proto-Malayic *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa. Cognate of Ilocano bunga (“fruit”), Tagalog bunga (“fruit”).

Noun

bunga (plural bunga-bunga)

1. flower:
   1. (botany) a reproductive structure in angiosperms (flowering plants), often conspicuously colourful and typically including sepals, petals, and either or both stamens and/or a pistil

      Synonyms: kembang, puspa

   2. a plant that bears flowers, especially a plant that is small and lacks wood
2. (figurative) beauty:
   1. something that is particularly good or pleasing
   2. someone who is beautiful
3. (figurative) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

   bunga berita ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

4. flowery pattern or design

Hyponyms

sense 1.1 (a reproductive structure in angiosperms)

• bunga berkas
• bunga betina
• bunga bongkol
• bunga cawan
• bunga jantan
• bunga lembing
• bunga majemuk
• bunga payung
• bunga piringan
• bunga sabit
• bunga sekrup
• bunga tandan
• bunga tangga
• bunga tongkol
• bunga untai

sense 1.2 (a plant that bears flowers)

• bunga hidup
• bunga kasturi
• bunga kelentit
• bunga ketongkeng
• bunga kubur
• bunga landak
• bunga lau
• bunga lawang
• bunga manila
• bunga matahari
• bunga pagoda
• bunga rampai
• bunga raya
• bunga sawer
• bunga sepatu
• bunga serunai
• bunga siam
• bunga tahi kotok
• bunga tali-tali
• bunga tasbih
• bunga tebu
• bunga telang
• bunga teleng
• bunga teluki
• bunga tongkeng

sense 2.2 (beauty)

• bunga desa

sense 3

• bunga angin
• bunga api
• bunga badam
• bunga ban
• bunga barah
• bunga bibir
• bunga buatan
• bunga campak
• bunga delima
• bunga dipersunting
• bunga hati
• bunga karang
• bunga kehidupan
• bunga kertas
• bunga kol
• bunga konde
• bunga kuku
• bunga kundai
• bunga kusta
• bunga latar
• bunga mas
• bunga mulut
• bunga pasang
• bunga pasir
• bunga puru
• bunga sanggul
• bunga sisir
• bunga tanah
• bunga tidur

sense 4 (flowery pattern or design)

• bunga pamor

Derived terms

• bebungaan
• berbunga
• berbunga-bunga
• bunga-bungaan
• membunga
• membunga-bungai
• membungai
• pembungaan
• perbungaan

• batang bunga
• gagang bunga
• kelopak bunga
• mahkota bunga
• mangkuk bunga
• tangkai bunga
• tenda bunga

Etymology 2

Unknown

• Semantic loan from English interest, by analogy with bank interest growing over time like flowers, as well as wordplay referring to the sense of "attention" in English and the sense of "beauty, looking good" in Indonesian. Compare to Thai ดอกเบี้ย (dɔ̀ɔk-bîia, “interest”, literally “flower money”).
• Semantic loan from Ancient Greek τόκος (tókos, “interest”, literally “childbirth, parturition; offspring”).

Noun

bunga (plural bunga-bunga)

1. (economics, finance) interest: the price paid for obtaining, or price received for providing, money or goods in a credit transaction, calculated as a fraction of the amount or value of what was borrowed

   Synonyms: anakan, renten, riba

Derived terms

• berbunga
• membunga
• membungakan
• memperbungakan

• bunga akrual
• bunga berbunga
• bunga biasa
• bunga cedera janji
• bunga eksak
• bunga jangka pendek
• bunga kayu
• bunga kotor
• bunga kuartalan
• bunga kupon
• bunga lazim
• bunga lindung pajak
• bunga majemuk
• bunga masa konstruksi
• bunga mengambang
• bunga nol persen
• bunga nominal
• bunga normal
• bunga obligasi tangguhan
• bunga obligasi tundaan
• bunga pascapetisi
• bunga prabayar
• bunga sederhana
• bunga semesteran
• bunga tahunan
• bunga takpasti
• bunga tanah
• bunga terdiskonto
• bunga terhutang
• bunga tersirat
• bunga tetap
• bunga tunggal

• suku bunga

Etymology 3

Semantic loan from Chinese 英 (“brave, hero; outstanding person”, literally “flower”) for hero sense, by analogy of outstanding, fine, and excellent nature of hero with the sense of "beauty" in Chinese and Indonesian.

Noun

bunga (plural bunga-bunga)

1. (figurative) hero, somebody who possesses great bravery and carries out extraordinary or noble deeds

   Synonyms: pahlawan, perwira

Derived terms

• bunga bangsa

Further reading

• “bunga”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
• Bunbunan E. J. Hutampea; Soemarso S. R.; Jan Hoesada; Indriani Eko Yulianto; Meity Taqdir Qodratillah; T. B. Gultom (1993), Kamus Keuangan [Dictionary of Finance] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, page 8: “bunga”

Japanese

Romanization

bunga

1. Rōmaji transcription of ぶんが

Kankanaey

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbuː.ŋʌ]
• Rhymes: -uŋa
• Syllabification: bu‧nga

Noun

búnga

1. alternative spelling of bonga

Limos Kalinga

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Limos Kalinga bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).

Noun

bunga

1. fruit

Lingala

Verb

-bunga (infinitive kobunga)

1. to get lost

Lubuagan Kalinga

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Lubuagan Kalinga bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).

Noun

bunga

1. fruit

Makasar

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-South Sulawesi *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa, Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/, [ˈɓu.ŋã]
• Hyphenation: bu‧nga

Noun

bunga (Lontara spelling ᨅᨘᨂ or 𑻤𑻴𑻢, definite bungaya, 3rd person possessive bunganna)

1. flower, blossom
2. floral pattern; floral figure
3. bow, knot (e.g., of a waistband)
4. (euphemistic) female pudenda

   Kacinikangi bunganna

   Her pudenda is visible.

5. (poetic) virginity, virgin

Derived terms

affixations

• aʼbunga
• bungài

reduplications

• bunga-bunga

compounds

• bone bunga
• bunga anting-anting
• bunga baru
• bunga batu
• bunga caʼdi
• bunga ceʼla
• bunga eja
• bunga eja keboʼ
• bunga jawa
• bunga jeʼneʼ mata bunting
• bunga lompo
• bunga palikang
• bunga rampe
• bunga rateʼ
• bunga singkuluʼ
• bunga songkoʼ
• bunga tallang
• bunga uang

Further reading

• Cense, A. A. (1979), Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek [Makasar-Dutch dictionary], 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Malay

FWOTD – 1 August 2019

Pronunciation

• (/a/-variety, Literary Standard) IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbu.ŋa]
  • Rhymes: -ŋa, -a
• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋə/ [ˈbu.ŋə]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -ŋə, -ə
• Hyphenation: bu‧nga

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *buŋaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (compare Ilocano bunga (“fruit”), Tagalog bunga (“fruit”)).

Noun

bunga (Jawi spelling بوڠا, plural bunga-bunga)

1. flower (reproductive structure in angiosperms)

   Bunga Mawar itu berwarna merah.

   The rose (flower) is red.

   Synonyms: kembang, kesuma (literary), puspa (literary), sading (literary), sari (literary), sekar (literary)

2. (figurative) beauty

   Dia ialah seorang bunga yang menawan.

   She is an alluring beauty.

3. (figurative) young lady
4. (figurative) virginity

   Synonym: dara

5. (figurative) any blooming or flourishing spread pattern
6. any intricate or ornamental pattern parallel to a surface
   1. tread (of vehicle tires)

      Bunga tayar sudah haus.

      The tyre tread is worn out.

   2. decorative pattern on keris blades
7. omen, precursor; sign

   Synonyms: alamat, petanda

Hyponyms

• mayang
• putik

Derived terms

sense 1.1 (a reproductive structure in angiosperms)

• bunga berkas
• bunga betina
• bunga bongkol
• bunga cawan
• bunga jantan
• bunga lembing
• bunga majemuk
• bunga payung
• bunga piringan
• bunga sabit
• bunga sekrup
• bunga tandan
• bunga tangga
• bunga tongkol
• bunga untai

sense 1.2 (a plant that bears flowers)

• bunga hidup
• bunga kasturi
• bunga kelentit
• bunga ketongkeng
• bunga kubur
• bunga landak
• bunga lau
• bunga lawang
• bunga manila
• bunga matahari
• bunga pagoda
• bunga rampai
• bunga raya
• bunga sawer
• bunga sepatu
• bunga serunai
• bunga siam
• bunga tahi kotok
• bunga tali-tali
• bunga tasbih
• bunga tebu
• bunga telang
• bunga teleng
• bunga teluki
• bunga tongkeng

sense 2.2 (beauty)

• bunga desa

other senses

• bunga angin
• bunga api
• bunga badam
• bunga ban
• bunga barah
• bunga bibir
• bunga hati
• bunga karang
• bunga kehidupan
• bunga kertas
• bunga kol
• bunga konde
• bunga kubis
• bunga kuku
• bunga kundai
• bunga kusta
• bunga latar
• bunga mas
• bunga mulut
• bunga pasang
• bunga pasir
• bunga puru
• bunga sanggul
• bunga sisir
• bunga tanah
• bunga tayar
• bunga tidur

Proverbs

• kumbang tidak seekor, bunga tidak sekaki (“there are plenty of fish in the sea”)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: bunga

Etymology 2

Semantic loan from English interest by analogy with bank interest growing over time like flowers, as well as wordplay referring to the sense of "attention" in English and the sense of "beauty, looking good" in Indonesian. Compare to Thai ดอกเบี้ย (dɔ̀ɔk-bîia, “interest”, literally “flower money”) and Ancient Greek τόκος (tókos, “interest”, literally “childbirth, parturition; offspring”)

Noun

bunga (Jawi spelling بوڠا, plural bunga-bunga)

1. (economics, finance) interest
   • 2002, Takiah Mohd Iskandar & Norida Basnan, Perakaunan Kewangan: Prinsip dan Amalan di Malaysia, Vol. 1, Cerdik Publications, page 174.

     Sekiranya nota janji yang dikeluarkan menjadi matang dalam tempoh perakaunan berikutnya jumlah bunga daripada tarikh nota dikeluarkan hingga tarikh penyata kewangan perlu diakrukan.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   Synonym: faedah

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “بوڠ boenga”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 64
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “بوڠ bunga”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages 129-30
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “bunga”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 166

Further reading

• "bunga" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "bunga" at PRPM first version)

Mandar

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa, from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buŋa/

Noun

bunga

1. flower

References

• Nadia Almira Sagitta (2016), Kamus Mandar-Indonesia‎^[3], page 12

Ngombe (Congo)

Verb

bunga

1. to forget

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• bong̃a, boñga — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Tagalog bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”). Compare Ilocano bunga, Indonesian bunga, and Malay bunga (“flower”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈbuŋa/ [ˈbuː.ŋɐ]
• Rhymes: -uŋa
• Syllabification: bu‧nga

Noun

bunga (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜅ)

1. (botany) fruit

   Synonyms: prutas, bungangkahoy

2. (figurative) result; effect; consequence

   Synonyms: resulta, epekto, kinalabsan, labas

   Antonym: sanhi

3. (figurative) profit; fruit; gain

   Synonyms: pala, tamo, pakinabang, kapakinabangan

4. areca palm (Areca catechu)
5. areca nut

Derived terms

• biniyak na bunga
• bunga de-tsina
• bunga ng pag-ibig
• bunga't nganga
• bunga-bunga
• bunga-sa-palas
• bungahan
• bungahin
• bungantibatib
• bungantulog
• bungang-araw
• bungang-arawin
• bungang-bato
• bungang-isip
• bungang-tulog
• bungangkahoy
• himunga
• kung ano ang puno, siya ang bunga
• mabunga
• magbunga
• mamunga
• nagbubunga
• namumunga
• pagbubunga
• pagpapabunga
• pampabunga
• pamumunga
• papamungahin
• tagbunga

Descendants

• → Spanish: bonga

See also

• labong
• usbong
• yabong

Anagrams

• buang, Bunag

Tausug

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *buŋa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa

Proto-Philippine *buŋa

Tausug bunga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buŋa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /buŋa/ [bʊˈŋɑ]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: bu‧nga

Noun

bunga (Sulat Sūg spelling بُڠَ)

1. fruit