refractar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from English refract.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [rə.fɾəkˈta]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [re.fɾakˈtaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [re.fɾakˈta]

Verb

refractar (first-person singular present refracto, first-person singular preterite refractí, past participle refractat)

1. (transitive) to refract
2. (pronominal) to refract

   La llum es refracta en passar d'un medi a un altre.

   Light refracts when passing from one medium to another.

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of refractar (first conjugation)

infinitive			refractar
gerund			refractant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		refractat		refractada
		plural		refractats		refractades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	refracto	refractes	refracta	refractem	refracteu	refracten
	imperfect	refractava	refractaves	refractava	refractàvem	refractàveu	refractaven
	future	refractaré	refractaràs	refractarà	refractarem	refractareu	refractaran
	preterite	refractí	refractares	refractà	refractàrem	refractàreu	refractaren
	conditional	refractaria	refractaries	refractaria	refractaríem	refractaríeu	refractarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	refracti	refractis	refracti	refractem	refracteu	refractin
	imperfect	refractés	refractessis	refractés	refractéssim	refractéssiu	refractessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	refracta	refracti	refractem	refracteu	refractin
	negative (no)	—	no refractis	no refracti	no refractem	no refracteu	no refractin

Related terms

• refractiu

Further reading

• “refractar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Romanian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Latin refractarius

French réfractairebor.

Romanian refractar

Borrowed from French réfractaire, from Latin refractarius.

Adjective

refractar m or n (feminine singular refractară, masculine plural refractari, feminine/neuter plural refractare)

1. refractory

Declension

Declension of refractar

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	refractar		refractară	refractari	refractare
	definite	refractarul		refractara	refractarii	refractarele
genitive- dative	indefinite	refractar		refractare	refractari	refractare
	definite	refractarului		refractarei	refractarilor	refractarelor

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin refrāctum, neuter form of refrāctus, the perfect passive participle of refringō, itself from re- (“again”) + frangō (“to break”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /refɾaɡˈtaɾ/ [re.fɾaɣ̞ˈt̪aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: re‧frac‧tar

Verb

refractar (first-person singular present refracto, first-person singular preterite refracté, past participle refractado)

1. (transitive, optics) to refract

Conjugation

    Conjugation of refractar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			refractar
gerund			refractando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		refractado		refractada
		plural		refractados		refractadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	refracto	refractastú refractásvos	refracta	refractamos	refractáis	refractan
	imperfect	refractaba	refractabas	refractaba	refractábamos	refractabais	refractaban
	preterite	refracté	refractaste	refractó	refractamos	refractasteis	refractaron
	future	refractaré	refractarás	refractará	refractaremos	refractaréis	refractarán
	conditional	refractaría	refractarías	refractaría	refractaríamos	refractaríais	refractarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	refracte	refractestú refractésvos2	refracte	refractemos	refractéis	refracten
	imperfect (ra)	refractara	refractaras	refractara	refractáramos	refractarais	refractaran
	imperfect (se)	refractase	refractases	refractase	refractásemos	refractaseis	refractasen
	future1	refractare	refractares	refractare	refractáremos	refractareis	refractaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		refractatú refractávos	refracte	refractemos	refractad	refracten
	negative		no refractes	no refracte	no refractemos	no refractéis	no refracten

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of refractar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive refractar	dative	refractarme	refractarte	refractarle, refractarse	refractarnos	refractaros	refractarles, refractarse
	accusative	refractarme	refractarte	refractarlo, refractarla, refractarse	refractarnos	refractaros	refractarlos, refractarlas, refractarse
with gerund refractando	dative	refractándome	refractándote	refractándole, refractándose	refractándonos	refractándoos	refractándoles, refractándose
	accusative	refractándome	refractándote	refractándolo, refractándola, refractándose	refractándonos	refractándoos	refractándolos, refractándolas, refractándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative refracta	dative	refráctame	refráctate	refráctale	refráctanos	not used	refráctales
	accusative	refráctame	refráctate	refráctalo, refráctala	refráctanos	not used	refráctalos, refráctalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative refractá	dative	refractame	refractate	refractale	refractanos	not used	refractales
	accusative	refractame	refractate	refractalo, refractala	refractanos	not used	refractalos, refractalas
with formal second-person singular imperative refracte	dative	refrácteme	not used	refráctele, refráctese	refráctenos	not used	refrácteles
	accusative	refrácteme	not used	refráctelo, refráctela, refráctese	refráctenos	not used	refráctelos, refráctelas
with first-person plural imperative refractemos	dative	not used	refractémoste	refractémosle	refractémonos	refractémoos	refractémosles
	accusative	not used	refractémoste	refractémoslo, refractémosla	refractémonos	refractémoos	refractémoslos, refractémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative refractad	dative	refractadme	not used	refractadle	refractadnos	refractaos	refractadles
	accusative	refractadme	not used	refractadlo, refractadla	refractadnos	refractaos	refractadlos, refractadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative refracten	dative	refráctenme	not used	refráctenle	refráctennos	not used	refráctenles, refráctense
	accusative	refráctenme	not used	refráctenlo, refráctenla	refráctennos	not used	refráctenlos, refráctenlas, refráctense

Further reading

• “refractar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 24th edition, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 30 October 2026