certa

See also: Certa, Certã, çerta, čerta, and черта

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈse̞r.tə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Central) [ˈsɛr.tə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈsɛɾ.ta]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [ˈsɛr.ta]

Adjective

certa

1. feminine singular of cert

Esperanto

Etymology

Common Romance, from Latin certus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡serta/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -erta
• Syllabification: cer‧ta

Adjective

certa (accusative singular certan, plural certaj, accusative plural certajn)

1. certain, sure
   • 1910, L. L. Zamenhof, speech at the sixth World Congress of Esperanto in Washington, D.C.:

     Mi estas certa, ke kiam ni ilin revidos, ni ne plu rekonos ilin.

     I am sure that when we see them again, we will no longer recognize them.

   Antonym: necerta

2. certain, some, determinate
   • 1907, L. L. Zamenhof (tr.), La revizoro, Paris: Esperantista Centra Librejo, Acto unua, translation of Ревизор by Nikolaj Vasiljeviĉ Gogol:

     Nu, en certaj okazoj multe da saĝo estas pli malbona, ol se oni ĝin tute ne havus.

     Now, in certain cases a lot of wisdom is worse than if you had none at all.

Related terms

• certe
• certi

Further reading

• “certa”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “certa”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto certa, English certain, French certain, Italian certo, Spanish cierto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡serta/

Adjective

certa

1. certain, sure, guaranteed

   Antonym: necerta

Derived terms

• certajo
• certe
• certeskar
• certeso
• certigar
• necerta

Italian

Adjective

certa

1. feminine singular of certo

Anagrams

• -crate, Creta, carte, cetra, creta, tacer, trace

Ladin

Adjective

certa

1. feminine singular of cert

Latin

Pronunciation

• certā:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkɛr.taː]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛr.ta]
• certa:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkɛr.ta]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛr.ta]

Verb

certā

1. second-person singular present active imperative of certō

Adjective

certa

1. inflection of certus:
   1. nominative/vocative feminine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

Adjective

certā

1. ablative feminine singular of certus

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʲer.t̪a/

Adjective

certa

1. inflection of cert:
   1. nominative plural feminine/neuter
   2. vocative/accusative plural all genders

Mutation

Mutation of certa

radical	lenition	nasalization
certa	cherta	certa pronounced with /ɡʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German [Term?]. First attested in c. 1500.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /t͡sʲɛːrta/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /t͡sʲerta/

Noun

certa f

1. (attested in Greater Poland) vimba (Vimba vimba)
   • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 21r:

     Cabarus czertha spinga idem vel spurga idem

     [Cabarus certa spinga idem vel spurga idem]

   • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 128v:

     Spinga eyn merkatze quidam piscis czerthą

     [Spinga eyn merkatze quidam piscis certa]

Descendants

• Polish: certa

References

• K. Nitsch, editor (1954), “certa”, in Słownik staropolski (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 219
• Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “certa”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
• Ewa Deptuchowa, et al., editors (2023), “certa”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

Polish

Alternative forms

• serta (Middle Polish)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish certa. Compare German Zär­te.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛr.ta/

• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ser.ta/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛrta
• Syllabification: cer‧ta

Noun

certa f

1. vimba (Vimba vimba)

Declension

Declension of certa

	singular	plural
nominative	certa	certy
genitive	certy	cert
dative	cercie	certom
accusative	certę	certy
instrumental	certą	certami
locative	cercie	certach
vocative	certo	certy

Further reading

• “certa”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “certa”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[2] (in Polish)
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, et al., editors (2010-2023), “certa”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “certa”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “certa”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “certa”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 265

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛʁ.tɐ/ [ˈsɛh.tɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛʁ.tɐ/ [ˈsɛh.tɐ]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛɾ.tɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛʁ.tɐ/ [ˈsɛχ.tɐ]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛɻ.tɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛɾ.tɐ/

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛɾtɐ
• Hyphenation: cer‧ta

Adjective

certa

1. feminine singular of certo

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin certāre.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

a certa (third-person singular present ceartă, past participle certat, third-person subjunctive certe) 1st conjugation

1. (reflexive) to quarrel, squabble, argue, altercate, row, argufy, wrangle, fall out with someone
2. to scold, chide, rebuke, reprove, reprehend

Conjugation

    conjugation of certa (first conjugation, no infix)

infinitive			a certa
gerund			certând
past participle			certat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	cert	cerți	ceartă	certăm	certați	ceartă
	imperfect	certam	certai	certa	certam	certați	certau
	simple perfect	certai	certași	certă	certarăm	certarăți	certară
	pluperfect	certasem	certaseși	certase	certaserăm	certaserăți	certaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să cert	să cerți	să certe	să certăm	să certați	să certe
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		ceartă			certați
	negative		nu certa			nu certați

Derived terms

• certare
• ceartă

See also

• sfădi
• încăiera
• mustra