November

See also: novémbor, november, nóvember, and Nɔvember

Translingual

Representations of “November”
A capital “N”
November [1]
A blue and white checkered flag
November [2]
A map of the world with a thin strip in the Atlantic Ocean highlighted
November [3]

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from English November.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [noˈvɛmba][1]

Noun

November

  2. (international standards) NATO, ICAO, ITU & IMO radiotelephony clear code (spelling-alphabet name) for the letter N.
  3. (nautical) Signal flag for the letter N.
  4. (time zone) UTC−01:00
ICAO/NATO radiotelephonic clear codesedit

Translations

References

  1. ^ DIN 5009:2022-06, Deutsches Institut für Normung, June 2022, page Anhang B: Buchstabiertafel der ICAO („Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet“)

English

Slovene illustration of November (1915)
November by German painter Joachim von Sandrart (1643)

Alternative forms

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥
Proto-Italic *nown̥
▲
Latin deceminflu.
Latin novem?
Latin November
Latin november
Old French novembrebor.
Middle English Novembre
English November

    From Middle English Novembre, from Old French novembre, from Latin November (“ninth month”), from Latin novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix. November was the ninth month in the Roman calendar.

    Displaced native Old English blōtmōnaþ (literally “sacrifice month”), so called because the Anglo-Saxons, when they were pagans, would sacrifice in this month before the winter set in.

    Pronunciation

    • (UK) IPA(key): /nəʊˈvɛmbə/, /nəˈvɛmbə/
    • (US) enPR: nō-vĕmʹbər, IPA(key): /noʊˈvɛmbɚ/
    • Audio (US):(file)
    • (South Asia) IPA(key): /nəˈvɛmbə(r)/
    • Hyphenation: No‧vem‧ber
    • Rhymes: -ɛmbə(ɹ)

    Proper noun

    November (plural Novembers)

    2. The eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December.
      Alternative forms: Nov, Nov., NOV, 9ber, 11
      Synonym: (Quakerism) Eleventh Month
      Holonyms: calendar year; year
      Comeronyms: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, December
      • 1827, [John Keble], “Twenty-third Sunday after Trinity”, in The Christian Year: Thoughts in Verse for the Sundays and Holydays throughout the Year, volume II, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [B]y W. Baxter, for J. Parker; and C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 85:
        Red o'er the forest glows the setting sun, / The line of yellow light dies fast away / That crown'd the eastern copse, and chill and dun / Falls on the moor the brief November day.
      • 2007 February 5, Roger Blench, “The Ayere and Ahan languages of Central Nigeria and their affinities”, in rogerblench.info‎[1], archived from the original on 17 April 2022, page 1:
        This is an annotated wordlist of the Ayere language, spoken in Ayere village in Kwara State, Nigeria. The wordlist was written by Mr. E.O. Olumorin for the West African Languages Survey in November 1961.
      • 2021 February 1, Rishi Iyengar, “Google will stop making video games for its Stadia platform”, in CNN‎[2], Atlanta, Ga.: Warner Bros. Discovery, archived from the original on 8 October 2025:
        Stadia, Google’s cloud gaming service, launched in November 2019, with some likening it to the Netflix (NFLX) of video games.
      • 2021 December 13, Amir Vera, “Louisville detective who fatally shot Breonna Taylor is appealing his termination from the police department”, in CNN‎[3], Atlanta, Ga.: Warner Bros. Discovery, archived from the original on 3 October 2025:
        An LMPD Board Notice of Hearing states part of Cosgrove’s hearings took place in November. The second half of his hearing is set to begin Monday and end Wednesday.
    3. A female given name.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    Translations

    See also

    Gregorian calendar monthsedit

    Anagrams

    Afrikaans

    Pronunciation

    • Audio:(file)

    Noun

    November (plural Novembermaande)

    1. November

    See also

    Gregorian calendar monthsedit

    German

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

      Inherited from Middle High German november.

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      November m (strong, genitive Novembers or November, plural November)

      1. November (the eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December)
        Synonym: (obsolete) Nebelung

      Declension

      Declension of November [masculine, strong]
      singular plural
      indef. def. noun def. noun
      nominative ein der November die November
      genitive eines des Novembers, November der November
      dative einem dem November den Novembern
      accusative einen den November die November

      Coordinate terms

      Gregorian calendar months: Monate im gregorianischen Kalenderedit

      Descendants

      Further reading

      • “November” in Duden online
      • “November”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[4] (in German)

      Hunsrik

      Etymology

        Borrowed from German November.[1]

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ˈnoːˌvɛmpa/
        • Rhymes: -ɛmpa

        Noun

        November m (plural November)

        1. November

        See also

        Gregorian calendar months: Monate im gregorianicher Kalenneredit

        References

        1. ^ Boll, Piter Kehoma (2021), “November”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português, 3rd edition (overall work in Portuguese), Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 119, column 1

        Indonesian

        Alternative forms

        Etymology

          From Dutch november, from Latin November (“ninth month”).

          Pronunciation

          • (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /noˈvembər/ [noˈfem.bər]
          • Rhymes: -embər
          • Syllabification: No‧vem‧ber

          Proper noun

          Novembêr

          1. November (the eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December)

          Coordinate terms

          Gregorian calendar months: bulan-bulan kalender Gregoriusedit

          Further reading

          Latin

          Etymology

            Uncertain, perhaps by haplology of earlier *nove(m)-mēmbris (“of or pertaining to the ninth month”), from *nove(m)-mēnzris, from novem (“nine”) + *mēnzris, from *mēnzlis, from *mēns (“month”) +‎ *-lis; see novem, and mēnsis. In the Roman calendar, the year began with Mārtius (“March”), and November was the ninth month of the year.

            Pronunciation

            Adjective

            November (feminine Novembris); third-declension three-termination adjective

            1. of November
              • 4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De re rustica 6:
                Novembri mense ac Decembri per sementem quantum appetit bos.
                (please add an English translation of this quotation)

            Usage notes

            In Classical Latin, month names were regularly used as adjectives, generally modifying a case-form of mēnsis m sg (“month”) or of one of the nouns used in the Roman calendar to refer to specific days of the month from which other days were counted: kalendae f pl (“calends”), nōnae f pl (“nones”), īdūs f pl (“ides”). However, the masculine noun mēnsis could be omitted by ellipsis, so the masculine singular forms of month names eventually came to be used as proper nouns.[1]

            The accusative plural adjective forms Aprīlīs, Septembrīs, Octōbrīs, Novembrīs, Decembrīs[2] are ambiguous in writing, being spelled identically to the genitive singular forms of the nouns; nevertheless, the use of ablative singular forms in -ī and comparison with the usage of other month names as adjectives supports the interpretation of -is as an accusative plural adjective ending in Classical Latin phrases such as "kalendas Septembris".[3]

            Declension

            Third-declension three-termination adjective.

            singular plural
            masculine feminine masculine feminine
            nominative November Novembris Novembrēs Novembrēs
            genitive Novembris Novembris Novembrium Novembrium
            dative Novembrī Novembrī Novembribus Novembribus
            accusative Novembrem Novembrem Novembrēs
            Novembrīs             		Novembrēs
            Novembrīs
            ablative Novembrī Novembrī Novembribus Novembribus
            vocative November Novembris Novembrēs Novembrēs
            • In medieval and New Latin, the ablative singular can also be found as Novembre.

            Proper noun

            November m sg (genitive Novembris); third declension

            2. November
              Synonym: November mensis
              • 1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 303.
                Die septimo nouembris
                On the seventh day of November

            Declension

            Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -ī), singular only.

            singular
            nominative November
            genitive Novembris
            dative Novembrī
            accusative Novembrem
            ablative Novembrī
            vocative November
            • In medieval and New Latin, the ablative singular can also be found as Novembre.

            Descendants

            Borrowings
            Unsorted borrowings

            These borrowings are ultimately but perhaps not directly from Latin. They are organized into geographical and language family groups, not by etymology.

            See also

            Gregorian calendar months: mēnsēs annīedit

            References

            1. ^ Karl Gottlob Zumpt (1853), Leonhard Schmitz, Charles Anthon, transl., A Grammar of the Latin Language, 3rd edition, pages 31, 85
            2. ^ Gaeng, Paul A. (1968), An Inquiry into Local Variations in Vulgar Latin: As Reflected in the Vocalism of Christian Inscriptions, page 183
            3. ^ Frost, P. (1861), The Germania and Agricola of Tacitus, page 161
            • “November”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
            • “November”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
            • “November”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
            • “November”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

            Luxembourgish

            Pronunciation

            • IPA(key): [noːˈvæmbɐ]

            Proper noun

            November m

            1. November (the eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December)

            See also

            Gregorian calendar months: Méint am Gregorianesche Kalenneredit

            Malay

            Alternative forms

            • Nov (abbreviation)

            Etymology

              Borrowed from English November, from Middle English, from Old French novembre, from Latin November, from novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.

              Pronunciation

              • IPA(key): /noˈvembə(r)/ [noˈvɛm.bə(r)]
              • Rhymes: -ɛmbə(r), -bə(r), -ə(r)
              • Hyphenation: No‧vem‧ber

              Proper noun

              November (Jawi spelling نوۏيمبر)

              1. November (the eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December)

              See also

              Gregorian calendar months: bulan-bulan takwim Gregoryedit

              Further reading

              Old English

              Etymology

              Unadapted borrowing from Latin Nōvember

              Proper noun

              November ?

              1. November

              Scots

              Etymology

              From Latin November (“of the ninth month”).

              Pronunciation

              • IPA(key): [noːvɛmˈbər]

              Proper noun

              November

              1. November

              See also

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