-ification

See also: -ificâtion

English

Alternative forms

-fication

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.

Proto-Italic *θakos

Proto-Italic *-fakos

Latin -ficus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin -ficō

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *-is

Proto-Indo-European *-tis

Proto-Indo-European *-Hō

Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō

Proto-Italic *-tiō

Latin -tiō

Latin -ficātiō

Old French -ificationbor.

Middle English -ificacioun

English -ification

From Middle English -ificacioun (ending on words generally borrowed whole from Old French), from Old French -ification, in turn from Latin -ficātiō, a noun ending which appears on action nouns formed using the suffix -tiō (English -tion) from verbs ending in -ficō (English -ify). Compare -faction.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Rhymes: -eɪʃən
Hyphenation: i‧fi‧ca‧tion

Suffix

-ification (noun-forming suffix, countable and uncountable, plural -ifications)

Forms nouns denoting the act or process whereby a subject becomes something else.

Usage notes

This suffix occurs in words of French or Latin origin, but is also productive in English. When applying the suffix -ation to a verb ending in -ify, -ification is used instead of the expected *-ifiation. Compare -ability.

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ification

Related terms

-ific
-ificate
-ifier
-ify
-ication

other terms ending in -ification

Translations

process of becoming

Afrikaans: -ifikasie, -fikasie, -ifisering, -fisering
Albanian: -ifikim m, -fikim m
Asturian: -ificación f, -ficación f
Basque: -ifikazio, -fikazio
Belarusian: -ыфіка́цыя f (-yfikácyja), -фіка́цыя f (-fikácyja)
Bulgarian: -ифика́ция f (-ifikácija), -фика́ция f (-fikácija)
Catalan: -ificació f, -ficació (ca) f
Chinese:
Cantonese: -化 (faa³)

Hakka: -化 (fa)

Hokkien: -化 (hoà)

Mandarin: -化 (zh) (-huà)
Czech: -ifikace f, -fikace f
Danish: -ifikation c, -fikation c, -ificering c, -ficering c
Dutch: -ificatie f, -ficatie f, -ifisering f, -fisering f
Finnish: -ifikaatio, -fikaatio, -ifiointi, -fiointi
French: -ification (fr) f, -fication (fr) f
Galician: -ificación f, -ficación f
Georgian: -იფიკაცია (-ipiḳacia), -ფიკაცია (-piḳacia)
German: -ifikation f, -fikation f, -ifizierung f, -fizierung f
Greek: -ποίηση (el) (-poíisi)
Hebrew: ־יפִיקַצְיָה f (-ifikátsya), ־פִיקַצְיָה f (-fikátsya)
Hindi: -करण m (-karaṇ), -भवन m (-bhavan)
Hungarian: -ifikáció, -fikáció
Indonesian: -ifikasi, -fikasi
Italian: -ificazione f, -ficazione f
Japanese: -化 (ja) (-か, -ka)
Korean: -화(化) (-hwa)
Latvian: -ifikācija f, -ifikācija f
Lithuanian: -ifikacija f, -ifikacija f
Macedonian: -ификација f (-ifikacija), -фикација f (-fikacija)
Norman: -ificâtion f
Norwegian:
Bokmål: -ifikasjon m, -fikasjon m, -ifisering f, -fisering f

Nynorsk: -ifikasjon m, -fikasjon m, -ifisering f, -fisering f
Occitan: -ificacion f
Polish: -yfikacja f, -fikacja f
Portuguese: -ificação f, -ficação f
Romanian: -ificare f, -ficare f
Russian: -ифика́ция (ru) f (-ifikácija), -фика́ция (ru) f (-fikácija)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: -ифика́ција f, -фика́ција f

Latin: -ifikácija f, -fikácija f
Slovak: -ifikácia f, -fikácia f
Slovene: -ifikacija f, -fikacija f
Spanish: -ificación f, -ficación f
Swedish: -ifikation c, -fikation c, -ifiering c, -fiering c
Tagalog: -ipikasyon -pikasyon
Turkish: -ifikasyon, -fikasyon
Ukrainian: -ифіка́ція f (-yfikácija), -фіка́ція f (-fikácija)
Vietnamese: ... hoá (vi) (-化 (vi))
Yiddish: ־יפֿיקאַציע (-ifikatsye), ־פֿיקאַציע (-fikatsye), ־יפֿיצירונג (-ifitsirung), ־פֿיצירונג (-fitsirung)

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French -ification, in turn borrowed from Latin -ficātiōnem, a noun ending related to the supine ending -ficātum of first-conjugation verbs ending in -ficō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /i.fi.ka.sjɔ̃/

Suffix

-ification f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ifications)

-ification

Derived terms

Related terms

-ifier