temporal

See also: temporâl

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtɛm.pə.ɹəl/
    • Audio (Southern England):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛmpəɹəl

Etymology 1

From Middle English temporal, temporel (“transitory, worldly, material, of secular society”), from Old French temporel or Latin temporālis (“of time (in grammar), temporary, relating to time as opposed to eternity”), from tempus (“time, period, opportunity”) +‎ -ālis.

Adjective

temporal (not generally comparable, comparative more temporal, superlative most temporal)

  1. (relational) Of or relating to the material world, as opposed to sacred or clerical.
    Synonyms: secular, lay, civil, worldly; see also Thesaurus:secular
    Antonyms: spiritual, ecclesiastical
    temporal power, temporal courts
    The Right Honourable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Parliament assembled (The official title of the House of Lords)
    • 1945 September and October, C. Hamilton Ellis, “Royal Trains—V”, in Railway Magazine, page 252:
      The [papal] train was in use until 1871, when the Pope [Pius IX] lost his temporal power.
    • 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King: The Dawn of Tudor England, Penguin Books, page 166:
      Not long before, he had ruefully acknowledged in a letter to his pious mother that most of his appointments to the bench of bishops had been motivated by distinctly temporal impulses.
  2. (relational) Relating to time:
    1. Of limited time, transient, passing, not perpetual, as opposed to eternal.
      1. (euphemistic) Lasting for a short time only.
    2. Of or relating to time as distinguished from space.
    3. Of or relating to the sequence of time or to a particular time.
      Synonym: chronological
    4. (grammar) Relating to or denoting time or tense.
Derived terms
Translations

Noun

temporal (plural temporals)

  1. (chiefly in the plural) Anything temporal or secular; a temporality.

Etymology 2

From Middle English, from Middle French timporal, temporal, from Late Latin temporālis, from tempora (“the temples of the head”) +‎ -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix). Doublet of temporalis.

Adjective

temporal (not comparable)

  2. (anatomy, relational) Of or situated in the temples of the head or the sides of the skull behind the orbits.
Derived terms
Translations

Noun

temporal (plural temporals)

  1. (anatomy) Ellipsis of temporal bone.
  2. (zootomy) Any of a reptile's scales on the side of the head between the parietal and supralabial scales, and behind the postocular scales.

References

Catalan

Etymology

    Learned borrowing from Latin temporālis.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    temporal m (plural temporals)

    1. storm

    Adjective

    temporal m or f (masculine and feminine plural temporals)

    1. temporary
    2. temporal

    Derived terms

    Further reading

    Cimbrian

    Noun

    temporàl m

    1. (Luserna) thunderstorm

    References

    French

    Etymology

    Borrowed from New Latin temporālis, from tempus (“temple”) (whence tempe).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /tɑ̃.pɔ.ʁal/

    Adjective

    temporal (feminine temporale, masculine plural temporaux, feminine plural temporales)

    1. (anatomy) temporal
      lobe temporal ― temporal lobe

    Usage notes

    Derived terms

    Further reading

    Galician

    Temporal

    Etymology

    13th century. Learned borrowing from Latin temporālis, from tempus (“time”).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /tɛmpoˈɾal/

    Adjective

    temporal m or f (plural temporais)

    1. temporal, pertaining to time
    2. temporal, transient, as opposed to eternal
    3. temporal, pertaining to the temples of the head
    4. (grammar) of a grammatical case in Hungarian

    Derived terms

    Noun

    temporal m (plural temporais)

    1. (weather) rainstorm
      Synonyms: ballón, invernada
    2. (weather) windstorm
      Synonym: vendaval
    3. (weather) tempest
      Synonym: tempestade

    Noun

    temporal m (plural temporais)

    1. (anatomy) the temporal bone

    References

    German

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /tɛmpoˈʁaːl/
    • Audio (Germany (Berlin)):(file)
    • Rhymes: -aːl

    Adjective

    temporal (strong nominative masculine singular temporaler, not comparable)

    1. temporal
      Synonym: zeitlich

    Declension

    Positive forms of temporal (uncomparable)
    number & gender singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter
    predicative er ist temporal sie ist temporal es ist temporal sie sind temporal
    strong declension
    (without article)     		nominative temporaler temporale temporales temporale
    genitive temporalen temporaler temporalen temporaler
    dative temporalem temporaler temporalem temporalen
    accusative temporalen temporale temporales temporale
    weak declension
    (with definite article)     		nominative der temporale die temporale das temporale die temporalen
    genitive des temporalen der temporalen des temporalen der temporalen
    dative dem temporalen der temporalen dem temporalen den temporalen
    accusative den temporalen die temporale das temporale die temporalen
    mixed declension
    (with indefinite article)     		nominative ein temporaler eine temporale ein temporales (keine) temporalen
    genitive eines temporalen einer temporalen eines temporalen (keiner) temporalen
    dative einem temporalen einer temporalen einem temporalen (keinen) temporalen
    accusative einen temporalen eine temporale ein temporales (keine) temporalen

    Norwegian Bokmål

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Late Latin temporālis, from Latin tempus (“time”).

    Adjective

    temporal (neuter singular temporalt, definite singular and plural temporale)

    1. temporal (related to time)
    2. temporal (related to the temples)

    Derived terms

    References

    Portuguese

    Pronunciation

    • (Brazil) IPA(key): /tẽ.poˈɾaw/ [tẽ.poˈɾaʊ̯]
     
    • (Portugal) IPA(key): /tẽ.puˈɾal/ [tẽ.puˈɾaɫ]
      • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /tẽ.puˈɾa.li/

    • Audio (Brazil (Caipira)):(file)
    • Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
    • Hyphenation: tem‧po‧ral

    Etymology 1

    Learned borrowing from Latin temporālis (“temporal”), from tempus (“season, time, opportunity”), from Proto-Indo-European *tempos (“stretch”).

    Adjective

    temporal m or f (plural temporais, not comparable)

    1. temporal (relating to time)
      Synonym: crónico
    2. secular
      Synonym: secular
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    From tempo (“weather”).

    Noun

    temporal m (plural temporais)

    1. downpour; heavy rain
      Synonyms: tempestade, vendaval

    Etymology 3

    From têmpora (“temple of the head”).

    Noun

    temporal m (plural temporais)

    1. temporal bone
    Hypernyms
    Holonyms
    Coordinate terms

    Further reading

    Romanian

    Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *temp-der.?
    Proto-Indo-European *temh₁-der.?
    Proto-Italic *tempos
    ▲
    Ancient Greek καίρῐος (kaírĭos)sl.
    Latin tempus
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
    Proto-Indo-European *-is
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
    Proto-Italic *-ālis
    Latin -ālis
    Latin temporālislbor.
    French temporelbor.
    Romanian temporal

      Borrowed from French temporel.

      Adjective

      temporal m or n (feminine singular temporală, masculine plural temporali, feminine/neuter plural temporale)

      1. temporal (bone)

      Declension

      Declension of temporal
      singular plural
      masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
      nominative-
      accusative       		indefinite temporal temporală temporali temporale
      definite temporalul temporala temporalii temporalele
      genitive-
      dative       		indefinite temporal temporale temporali temporale
      definite temporalului temporalei temporalilor temporalelor

      Spanish

      Etymology

      Etymology tree
      Proto-Indo-European *temp-der.?
      Proto-Indo-European *temh₁-der.?
      Proto-Italic *tempos
      ▲
      Ancient Greek καίρῐος (kaírĭos)sl.
      Latin tempus
      Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
      Proto-Indo-European *-is
      Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?
      Proto-Italic *-ālis
      Latin -ālis
      Latin temporālislbor.
      Spanish temporal

        Learned borrowing from Latin temporālis.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /tempoˈɾal/ [t̪ẽm.poˈɾal]
        • Rhymes: -al
        • Syllabification: tem‧po‧ral

        Adjective

        temporal m or f (masculine and feminine plural temporales)

        1. temporal (of or relating to time)
        2. temporary
          Synonym: temporario
        3. (anatomy) temporal (of the temples of the head)

        Derived terms

        Noun

        temporal m (plural temporales)

        1. storm
          Synonyms: tempestad, vendaval

        Derived terms

        Further reading

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