strangulo

Esperanto

Etymology

Etymology tree

Esperanto stranga

Russian -у́ля (-úlja)bor.?

Proto-Slavic *-uľa

Polish -ulabor.?

Esperanto -ulo

Esperanto strangulo

From stranga + -ulo. First attested in Zamenhof's Plena Vortaro Rusa-Internacia (1889).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stranˈɡulo/
• Rhymes: -ulo
• Syllabification: stran‧gu‧lo
• Hyphenation: strang‧ulo

Noun

strangulo (accusative singular strangulon, plural stranguloj, accusative plural strangulojn)

1. A strange, odd, or eccentric person; a crackpot, a crank.

Derived terms

adjectives

• stranga
• strangeta

adverbs

• strange

nouns

• strangaĵo
• strangeco

Further reading

• “strangulo”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “strangulo”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek στραγγαλόομαι (strangalóomai, “to strangle”), from στραγγάλη (strangálē, “a halter”); compare στραγγός (strangós, “tied together, entangled, twisted”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈstraŋ.ɡʊ.ɫoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈstraŋ.ɡu.lo]

Verb

strangulō (present infinitive strangulāre, perfect active strangulāvī, supine strangulātum); first conjugation

1. (transitive) to strangle, throttle
2. (transitive) to choke, suffocate, smother
3. (transitive) to torment, torture

Conjugation

   Conjugation of strangulō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	strangulō		strangulās		strangulat		strangulāmus		strangulātis		strangulant
	imperfect	strangulābam		strangulābās		strangulābat		strangulābāmus		strangulābātis		strangulābant
	future	strangulābō		strangulābis		strangulābit		strangulābimus		strangulābitis		strangulābunt
	perfect	strangulāvī		strangulāvistī		strangulāvit		strangulāvimus		strangulāvistis		strangulāvērunt, strangulāvēre
	pluperfect	strangulāveram		strangulāverās		strangulāverat		strangulāverāmus		strangulāverātis		strangulāverant
	future perfect	strangulāverō		strangulāveris		strangulāverit		strangulāverimus		strangulāveritis		strangulāverint
passive	present	strangulor		strangulāris, strangulāre		strangulātur		strangulāmur		strangulāminī		strangulantur
	imperfect	strangulābar		strangulābāris, strangulābāre		strangulābātur		strangulābāmur		strangulābāminī		strangulābantur
	future	strangulābor		strangulāberis, strangulābere		strangulābitur		strangulābimur		strangulābiminī		strangulābuntur
	perfect	strangulātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	strangulātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	strangulātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	strangulem		strangulēs		strangulet		strangulēmus		strangulētis		strangulent
	imperfect	strangulārem		strangulārēs		strangulāret		strangulārēmus		strangulārētis		strangulārent
	perfect	strangulāverim		strangulāverīs		strangulāverit		strangulāverīmus		strangulāverītis		strangulāverint
	pluperfect	strangulāvissem		strangulāvissēs		strangulāvisset		strangulāvissēmus		strangulāvissētis		strangulāvissent
passive	present	stranguler		strangulēris, strangulēre		strangulētur		strangulēmur		strangulēminī		strangulentur
	imperfect	strangulārer		strangulārēris, strangulārēre		strangulārētur		strangulārēmur		strangulārēminī		strangulārentur
	perfect	strangulātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	strangulātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		strangulā		—		—		strangulāte		—
	future	—		strangulātō		strangulātō		—		strangulātōte		strangulantō
passive	present	—		strangulāre		—		—		strangulāminī		—
	future	—		strangulātor		strangulātor		—		—		strangulantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		strangulāre			strangulārī			strangulāns			—
future		strangulātūrum esse			strangulātum īrī			strangulātūrus			strangulandus
perfect		strangulāvisse			strangulātum esse			—			strangulātus
future perfect		—			strangulātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		strangulātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		strangulandī		strangulandō		strangulandum		strangulandō		strangulātum		strangulātū

Derived terms

• strangulābilis
• strangulātiō
• strangulātor
• strangulātus

Descendants

• Catalan: estrangular
• Old French: estrangler
  • French: étrangler
  • Norman: êtranglyi
  • Walloon: stronner
  • → Middle English: stranglen, estranglen, strangelyn, strangle, strangulen, strangli (East Saxon, Southern), strongle (Northwest Midland)
    • English: strangle (estrangle)
• Galician: estrangular
• Occitan: estrangolar
• Piedmontese: strangolé
• → Italian: strangolare
  • → Esperanto: strangoli
• → Portuguese: estrangular
• → Romanian: strangula
• → Spanish: estrangular
• → English: strangulate

References

• “strangulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “strangulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “strangulo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “strangle”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.