quoad

English

Etymology

    Borrowed from Latin quoad.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈkwoʊ.æd/
    • Audio (Southern England):(file)

    Preposition

    quoad

    1. (archaic) With respect to.
      • 1884, Horace Smith, A treatise on the law of negligence:
        It seems to have been rather on this ground that quoad Hughes, who was a volunteer, the defendant had not been guilty of any negligence at all […]

    Anagrams

    Latin

    Etymology

    From quod + ad (i.e. "ad quod"). See also quam, quandō, usque.

    Pronunciation

    Adverb

    quoad (not comparable)

    1. (relative, chiefly conjunctive) indicates duration (see also ad, tenus and usque):
      2. (indicating duration with realization): until, till; before (with indicative)
        Synonym: dōnec
        • c. 110 BCE – c. 25 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, De viris illustribus XV. Epaminondas 9.3:
          At Epaminondas, cum animadverteret mortiferum se vulnus accepisse simulque, si ferrum, quod ex hastili in corpore remanserat, extraxisset, animam statim emissurum, usque eo retinuit, quoad renuntiatum est vicisse Boeotios.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum Vita divi Iuli 14:
          Ac ne sic quidem impedire rem destitit, quoad manus equitum Romanorum, quae armata praesidii causa circumstabat, inmoderatius perseueranti necem comminata est, […]
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      4. (indicating duration with expectancy): until, long enough for (with subjunctive)
        Synonyms: dum, dōnec
        • c. 110 BCE – c. 25 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, De viris illustribus XV. Epaminondas 2.5:
          Itaque exercebatur plurimum currendo et luctando ad eum finem, quoad stans complecti posset atque contendere.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 4.11:
          Interim ad praefectos, qui cum omni equitatu antecesserant, mittit qui nuntiarent ne hostes proelio lacesserent, et si ipsi lacesserentur, sustinerent quoad ipse cum exercitu propius accessisset.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • c. 2nd century, Iustinus, Epitoma Historiarum Philippicarum Pompeii Trogi 12.9.11:
          proeliumque tam diu anceps fuit, quoad omnis exercitus muris deiectis in auxilium veniret.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      6. (indicating duration with contingency): as long as, (for) so long as, provided (that), on the condition that (with subjunctive)
        Synonyms: dum, dummodo, dōnec
        • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 26.27.11:
          Flaccus sibi priuatam simultatem cum Campanis negare ullam esse: publicas inimicitias et esse et futuras, quoad eo animo esse erga populum Romanum sciret; […]
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      8. (chiefly a Ciceronianism in Classical Latin, otherwise mainly used alongside vīvō (“to live”)) (expressing duration with coincidency): as long as, while (with indicative)
        Synonyms: dum, dōnec
        • 70 BCE, Cicero, In Verrem 2.1.60:
          Habeo et ipsius et patris eius accepti tabulas omnis, quas diligentissime legi atque digessi, patris, quoad vixit, tuas, quoad ais te confecisse.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 50 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum 7.2.6:
          nunc illum, qui pedem porta, quoad hostis cis Euphratem fuit, non extulerit, honore augeri, […]
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 44 BCE, Cicero, De officiis 1.2:
          tam diu autem velle debebis, quoad te quantum proficias non paenitebit.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 26.51.5:
          Hunc ordinem laboris quietisque quoad Carthagine morati sunt servarunt.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    3. (interrogative, of a deadline, rare) till when, up to which time, for how long
      Synonym: quousque
      Coordinate term: eō
    5. (along verbs) as far as, to the extent that, as much as, insofar as, up to which (see usage notes); (in indirect questions) how far, to what extent
      Synonym: quousque (post-classical)
      Near-synonym: quantum
      • 45 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares 4.3.3:
        Hactenus existimo nostram consolationem recte adhibitam esse, quoad certior ab homine amicissimo fieres iis de rebus, quibus levari possent molestiae tuae.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 5.50.1:
        fana omnia, quoad ea hostis possedisset, restituerentur terminarentur expiarenturque
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

    Usage notes

    quoad could take an antecedent in any of its senses when used adverbially (contrary to quantum in sense 3):

    • c. 209 BCE, Plautus, Asinaria 286:
      est modus tamen, quoad pati uxorem oportet
      there is a limit up to which one can bear his wife

    Derived terms

    Preposition

    quoad (+ accusative) (Medieval Latin)

    2. with respect to
      Synonyms: secundum, ex
      • Nestorius, Sermones 2:
        sed quia illi conjunctus est, qui erat a principio Filius, non potest secundum dignitatem filiationis divisionem suscipere. Quoad dignitatem filiationis, inquam, non quoad naturas
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      • Robertus Grosseteste, De colore:
        Et ideo est corpus simplicissimum quoad partes constituentes essentiam et maximam quantitatem, […]
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

    Descendants

    • → English: quoad (learned)

    References

    • “quoad”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “quoad”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "quoad", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “quoad”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • as long as I live: dum vita suppetit; dum (quoad) vivo
    • Bruno Meinecke, Ph.D. (1960) Third Year Latin. (Allyn and Bacon, Inc.)
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