prosum

See also: prosům

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?

Proto-Indo-European *pér

Proto-Indo-European *-o

Proto-Indo-European *pró

Proto-Indo-European *pro-

Proto-Italic *pro-

Latin prō-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti

Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-

Proto-Indo-European *-t

Proto-Indo-European *bʰúHt

Proto-Italic *ezom~*som

Archaic Latin 𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌 (esom)

Old Latin esum

Latin sum

Latin prōsum

From prō- +‎ sum (“to be”). See also probus.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈproː.sũː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈprɔː.s̬um]

Verb

prōsum (present infinitive prōdesse, perfect active prōfuī, future active participle prōfutūrus); irregular conjugation, suppletive, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, no gerund

(with a dative) to be useful or of use, do good, help, benefit, profit
Synonyms: iuvō, adiuvō, foveō, assistō, prōficiō, expediō, adiūtō, succurrō, cōnferō, adsum

Antonym: officiō
- c. 95 CE, Quintilianus, Institutio oratoria:
  Nocere facile est, prodesse difficile.
  It is easy to do harm, difficult to do good.
- Cicero, Cato maior de senectute, VII, 24:
  Serit arbores, quae alteri saeclo prosint
  Plant the trees, so that they may serve another generation
to serve
Synonym: mereō
(of medicines) to be good or beneficial
- c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.267:
  proderit et tunsum gallae admiscere saporem […]
  It is good too to blend a taste of pounded oak-apples […]

Conjugation

Conjugation of prōsum (irregular conjugation, suppletive, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, no gerund)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	prōsum	prōdes		prōdest	prōsumus	prōdestis		prōsunt
	imperfect	prōderam	prōderās		prōderat	prōderāmus	prōderātis		prōderant
	future	prōderō	prōderis, prōdere		prōderit	prōderimus	prōderitis		prōderunt
	perfect	prōfuī	prōfuistī		prōfuit	prōfuimus	prōfuistis		prōfuērunt, prōfuēre
	pluperfect	prōfueram	prōfuerās		prōfuerat	prōfuerāmus	prōfuerātis		prōfuerant
	future perfect	prōfuerō	prōfueris		prōfuerit	prōfuerimus	prōfueritis		prōfuerint
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	prōsim, prōsiem, prōfuam¹	prōsīs, prōsiēs, prōfuās¹		prōsit, prōsiet, prōfuat¹	prōsīmus, prōsiēmus, prōfuāmus¹	prōsītis, prōsiētis, prōfuātis¹		prōsint, prōsient, prōfuant¹
	imperfect	prōdessem, prōforem	prōdessēs, prōforēs		prōdesset, prōforet	prōdessēmus, prōforēmus	prōdessētis, prōforētis		prōdessent, prōforent
	perfect	prōfuerim	prōfuerīs		prōfuerit	prōfuerīmus	prōfuerītis		prōfuerint
	pluperfect	prōfuissem	prōfuissēs		prōfuisset	prōfuissēmus	prōfuissētis		prōfuissent
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	prōdes		—	—	prōdeste		—
active	future	—	prōdestō		prōdestō	—	prōdestōte		prōsuntō
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		prōdesse		—		—		—
future		prōfutūrum esse, prōfore		—		prōfutūrus		—
perfect		prōfuisse		—		—		—
perfect potential		prōfutūrum fuisse		—		—		—

¹Old Latin or in poetry.

Derived terms

prōde (Late Latin)

Related terms

Descendants

→ Dutch: proost
→ Danish: prosit
→ German:
- prosit
  - → English: prosit
  - → Estonian: proosit
- prost
→ Italian: prosit
→ Maltese: prosit
→ Norwegian Bokmål: prosit
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: prosit
→ Sicilian: pròsita
→ Swedish: prosit

References

“prosum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“prosum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“prosum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
prosum in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016