profundo

Esperanto

Etymology

Etymology tree

Esperanto profunda

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Italic *-os

Archaic Latin -os

Latin -um

Italian -oder.

Proto-Indo-European *-om

Proto-Italic *-om

Archaic Latin -om

Latin -um

Spanish -oder.

Ancient Greek -οι (-oi)der.

Esperanto -o

Esperanto profundo

From profunda + -o.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /proˈfundo/
• Rhymes: -undo
• Syllabification: pro‧fun‧do

Noun

profundo (accusative singular profundon, plural profundoj, accusative plural profundojn)

1. depth

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɾoˈfundo/ [pɾoˈfun̪.d̪ʊ]
• Rhymes: -undo
• Hyphenation: pro‧fun‧do

Adjective

profundo (feminine profunda, masculine plural profundos, feminine plural profundas)

1. deep

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [prɔˈfʊn.doː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [proˈfun.do]

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?

Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?

Proto-Indo-European *pér

Proto-Indo-European *-o

Proto-Indo-European *pró

Proto-Indo-European *pro-

Proto-Italic *pro-

Latin pro-

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd-

Proto-Indo-European *-né-

Proto-Indo-European *-ti

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰunédti

Proto-Italic *hundō

Latin fundō

Latin profundō

From pro- (“forth”) + fundō (“pour”).

Verb

profundō (present infinitive profundere, perfect active profūdī, supine profūsum); third conjugation

1. to pour forth, to lavish
2. to prostrate
3. to squander

Conjugation

   Conjugation of profundō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	profundō		profundis		profundit		profundimus		profunditis		profundunt
	imperfect	profundēbam		profundēbās		profundēbat		profundēbāmus		profundēbātis		profundēbant
	future	profundam		profundēs		profundet		profundēmus		profundētis		profundent
	perfect	profūdī		profūdistī		profūdit		profūdimus		profūdistis		profūdērunt, profūdēre
	pluperfect	profūderam		profūderās		profūderat		profūderāmus		profūderātis		profūderant
	future perfect	profūderō		profūderis		profūderit		profūderimus		profūderitis		profūderint
passive	present	profundor		profunderis, profundere		profunditur		profundimur		profundiminī		profunduntur
	imperfect	profundēbar		profundēbāris, profundēbāre		profundēbātur		profundēbāmur		profundēbāminī		profundēbantur
	future	profundar		profundēris, profundēre		profundētur		profundēmur		profundēminī		profundentur
	perfect	profūsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	profūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	profūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	profundam		profundās		profundat		profundāmus		profundātis		profundant
	imperfect	profunderem		profunderēs		profunderet		profunderēmus		profunderētis		profunderent
	perfect	profūderim		profūderīs		profūderit		profūderīmus		profūderītis		profūderint
	pluperfect	profūdissem		profūdissēs		profūdisset		profūdissēmus		profūdissētis		profūdissent
passive	present	profundar		profundāris, profundāre		profundātur		profundāmur		profundāminī		profundantur
	imperfect	profunderer		profunderēris, profunderēre		profunderētur		profunderēmur		profunderēminī		profunderentur
	perfect	profūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	profūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		profunde		—		—		profundite		—
	future	—		profunditō		profunditō		—		profunditōte		profunduntō
passive	present	—		profundere		—		—		profundiminī		—
	future	—		profunditor		profunditor		—		—		profunduntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		profundere			profundī			profundēns			—
future		profūsūrum esse			profūsum īrī			profūsūrus			profundendus, profundundus
perfect		profūdisse			profūsum esse			—			profūsus
future perfect		—			profūsum fore			—			—
perfect potential		profūsūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		profundendī		profundendō		profundendum		profundendō		profūsum		profūsū

Descendants

• Italian: profondere
• Sicilian: prufùnniri

Etymology 2

Adjective

profundō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of profundus

References

• “profundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “profundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “profundo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
    
  • to shed one's blood for one's fatherland: sanguinem suum pro patria effundere or profundere
    
  • to sacrifice oneself for one's country: vitam profundere pro patria
    
  • to squander one's money, one's patrimony: effundere, profundere pecuniam, patrimonium
    

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese profundo, profũdo, from Latin profundus.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pɾoˈfũ.du/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɾuˈfũ.du/

• Audio (Brazil (Caipira)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ũdu
• Hyphenation: pro‧fun‧do

Adjective

profundo (feminine profunda, masculine plural profundos, feminine plural profundas)

1. deep
   • 1943, André Luiz, Francisco Cândido Xavier, Nosso Lar:

     Zélia estava radiante. Encheu-se a casa de alegria nova. Por minha vez, experimentava grande júbilo na alma. Profundo alento e belas esperanças revigoravam-me o ser.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. profound

Related terms

• profundez, profundeza
• profundidade
• profundura
• aprofundar
• fundo

Further reading

• “profundo”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “profundo”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin profundus. Cf. hondo.

PIE word
*bʰudʰmḗn

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɾoˈfundo/ [pɾoˈfũn̪.d̪o]
• Rhymes: -undo
• Syllabification: pro‧fun‧do

Adjective

profundo (feminine profunda, masculine plural profundos, feminine plural profundas, superlative profundísimo)

1. deep (having a bottom far from the surface or mouth)

   Antonym: playo (Argentina)

2. profound (displaying great insight)

   Synonym: hondo

Derived terms

• aprendizaje profundo
• estado profundo
• garganta profunda
• trombosis venosa profunda

Related terms

• fondo
• profundamente
• profundidad
• profundizar

Verb

profundo

1. first-person singular present indicative of profundar

Further reading

• “profundo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 24th edition, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 30 October 2026