procrastination

English

Etymology

From Middle French procrastination, from Latin prōcrāstinātiō, from prōcrāstinō (“procrastinate”), from prō + crāstinus (“of tomorrow”), from crās (“tomorrow”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /pɹəʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
• (General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /pɹoʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, [-ʃn̩]

  • Audio (California):

    (file)

• (Australia) IPA^(key): /pɹəʉˌkɹæs.tɪˈnæɪ.ʃən/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /pɹɐʉˌkɹɛs.təˈnæɪ.ʃən/
• Rhymes: -eɪʃən

Noun

procrastination (usually uncountable, plural procrastinations)

1. The act of postponing, delaying or putting off, especially habitually or intentionally.
   • 1742, [Edward Young], “Night the First”, in The Complaint: Or, Night-Thoughts on Life, Death, & Immortality, London: […] R[obert] Dodsley […], →OCLC:

     Procrastination is the thief of time; year after year it steals until all are fled.

     read on Google Books. This version is page 393

Synonyms

• (act of postponing): deferral, prolongation; see also Thesaurus:deferment

Antonyms

• precrastination

Derived terms

• bedtime procrastination
• cryocrastination
• overprocrastination
• procrastination is the thief of time
• procrasturbation

Related terms

• procrastinate

Translations

act of postponing, delaying or putting off

• Afrikaans: uitstel
• Arabic: تَسْوِيف m (taswīf), تَأْجِيل (ar) m (taʔjīl)
• Armenian: պրոկրաստինացիա (prokrastinacʻia)
• Asturian: procrastinación f
• Azerbaijani: ertələmə, yubatma
• Basque: prokrastinazio
• Bulgarian: отла́гане (bg) n (otlágane), отсро́чване (bg) n (otsróčvane), прокрастинация f (prokrastinacija)
• Catalan: procrastinació (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 耽擱 / 耽搁 (zh) (dāngē), 拖延 (zh) (tuōyán)

• Czech: odkládání n, prokrastinace (cs) f
• Danish: udsættelse (da) c, overspringshandling (da) c, prokrastinering
• Dutch: uitstel (nl) n, uitstelgedrag (nl) n, procrastinatie (nl) f
• Esperanto: prokrasto
• Estonian: prokrastinatsioon
• Finnish: lykkäys (fi), jahkailu (fi), viivyttely (fi), vitkastelu (fi), aikailu (fi), kuhnailu (fi), aikaansaamattomuus (fi)
• French: procrastination (fr) f
• Galician: nugalla (gl) f, larcha f, doca (gl) f, procrastinación (gl) f
• German: Aufschub (de) m, Prokrastination (de) f
• Greek: αναβλητικότητα (el) f (anavlitikótita)
• Hebrew: דחיינות
• Hindi: दीर्घसूत्रता (hi) (dīrghasūtratā)
• Hungarian: halogatás (hu), késlekedés (hu)
• Indonesian: penundaan (id), prokrastinasi
• Italian: procrastinazione (it) f
• Japanese: 先延ばし (ja) (さきのばし, sakinobashi), 遅滞 (ja) (ちたい, chitai)
• Kannada: ವಿಳಂಬನ (viḷambana)
• Korean: 지연행동 (jiyeonhaengdong)
• Latin: morōsitās f (Mediaeval), prōcrāstinātiō f
• Lithuanian: atidėliojimas m, vilkinimas
• Malayalam: വൈകിക്കുക (ml) (vaikikkuka)
• Māori: tonanawetanga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: prokrastinering m

• Polish: zwłoka (pl) f, prokrastynacja (pl) f
• Portuguese: procrastinação (pt) f
• Punjabi: ਪ੍ਰੋਕ੍ਰਾਸਟ੍ਰੀਨੇਸ਼ਨ (prokrāsṭrīneśan)
• Romanian: amânare (ro) f, procrastinare (ro) f
• Russian: откла́дывание (ru) n (otkládyvanije), отсро́чка (ru) f (otsróčka), промедле́ние (ru) n (promedlénije), проволо́чка (ru) f (provolóčka), прокрастина́ция (ru) f (prokrastinácija)
• Scottish Gaelic: màirnealachd f
• Sinhalese: කල් දැමීම (kal dæmīma)
• Slovak: prokrastinácia f
• Slovene: prokrastinacija f
• Spanish: desidia (es) f, dejar algo para más tarde, para mañana..., procrastinación (es) f
• Swedish: förhalning, förhalande (sv), prokrastinering (sv)
• Tagalog: pagpapaliban, pagpapabukas-bukas
• Tamil: தள்ளிப்போடுதல் (ta) (taḷḷippōṭutal)
• Thai: การผัดวันประกันพรุ่ง (th), การผัด (th)
• Turkish: ertelemecilik
• Ukrainian: прокрастина́ція f (prokrastynácija), відкладання на потім (vidkladannja na potim), зволіка́ння n (zvolikánnja)
• Uzbek: prokrastinatsiya
• Vietnamese: trì hoãn (vi)
• Yiddish: אָפּלייגעכץ n (opleygekhts)

Further reading

• procrastination on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin prōcrāstinātiō. By surface analysis, procrastiner +‎ -ation.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pʁɔ.kʁas.ti.na.sjɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Switzerland (Valais)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Somain)):

  (file)

Noun

procrastination f (plural procrastinations)

1. procrastination

Further reading

• “procrastination”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012