kies

See also: Kies and Kieś

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch kies.

Noun

kies (plural kieste)

1. cheek

Derived terms

• kiestand (“molar”)

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kis/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kies
• Rhymes: -is

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch kiese (late), borrowed from Old Frisian kēse, from Proto-West Germanic *kūsiju. Displaced older kuis, from Middle Dutch *cuse, from the same Proto-West Germanic source.

Noun

kies m (plural kiezen, diminutive kiesje n)

2. molar

   Synonym: maaltand

   Ik moet naar de tandarts omdat mijn kies pijn doet. ― I have to go to the dentist because my molar hurts.

   De tandarts heeft mijn kies gevuld. ― The dentist filled my molar.

   Een volwassen persoon heeft normaal gesproken twaalf kiezen. ― An adult person typically has twelve molars.

3. (figuratively) certain resembling objects

Derived terms

• achter de kiezen
• kiespijn
• kiezenkas, kiezenkast
• kiezenmerg
• kiezensleutel
• kiezenspel
• kiezenstoter
• kiezentrekker
• voor zijn kiezen krijgen

tooth types

• bovenkies
• knobbelkies
• kunstkies
• melkkies
• onderkies
• verstandskies
• voorkies
• wijsheidskies

Descendants

• → Papiamentu: kis, kies

See also

• tand

Etymology 2

Unclear. Possibly borrowed from Middle English chis, from Old English ċīs, itself of unclear origin.

Adjective

kies (comparative kiezer, superlative meest kies or kiest)

1. delicate, choice
2. tasteful, appropriate, well chosen

   Antonym: onkies

Declension

Declension of kies
uninflected	kies
inflected	kieze
comparative	kiezer
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		kies	kiezer	het kiest het kieste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	kieze	kiezere	kieste
	n. sing.	kies	kiezer	kieste
	plural	kieze	kiezere	kieste
definite		kieze	kiezere	kieste
partitive		kies	kiezers	—

Derived terms

• kiesheid
• onkies

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

kies

1. inflection of kiezen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

Anagrams

• skië

Esperanto

Etymology

From ki- (“interrogative and relative correlative prefix”) + -es (“correlative suffix of genitives”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkies/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Audio 3:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ies
• Syllabification: ki‧es

Pronoun

kies (interrogative and relative correlative of genitives, plural kies, accusative singular kies, accusative plural kies)

1. whose, of whom, of which

Usage notes

Like other interrogative and relative correlatives, kies can be combined with ajn, the adverbial particle of generality. Kies ajn thus means whosever.

Derived terms

• kies ajn (“whosever”)

See also

Esperanto correlatives

		interrogative	demonstrative	indefinite	universal	negative
		ki-	ti-	i-	ĉi-	neni-
kind of, sort of	-a	kia	tia	ia	ĉia	nenia
reason	-al	kial	tial	ial	ĉial	nenial
time	-am	kiam	tiam	iam	ĉiam	neniam
place	-e	kie	tie	ie	ĉie	nenie
motion	-en	kien	tien	ien	ĉien	nenien
manner	-el	kiel	tiel	iel	ĉiel	neniel
possessive	-es	kies	ties	ies	ĉies	nenies
demonstrative pronoun	-o	kio	tio	io	ĉio	nenio
amount	-om	kiom	tiom	iom	ĉiom	neniom
demonstrative determiner	-u	kiu	tiu	iu	ĉiu	neniu

Further reading

• “kies”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “kies”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

German

Pronunciation

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Verb

kies

1. singular imperative of kiesen

Hungarian

Etymology

From an otherwise unattested stem of unknown origin + -es (adjective-forming suffix). It is not unlikely, however, that it was originated based on similar word pairs as an analogy, compare kegyetlen (“cruel”) – kegyes (“kind, merciful”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkijɛʃ]
• Hyphenation: ki‧es
• Rhymes: -ɛʃ

Adjective

kies (comparative kiesebb, superlative legkiesebb)

1. (archaic) picturesque, scenic

   Synonyms: festői, vonzó, elragadó, bűbájos, bájos, hangulatos, kellemes, szép

   Antonyms: kietlen, kopár, puszta, sivár

2. (archaic, rare) remote, distant, far-off, desolate

   Synonyms: távol eső, félreeső, elhagyatott, eldugott, elszigetelt, elzárt

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	kies	kiesek
accusative	kiest	kieseket
dative	kiesnek	kieseknek
instrumental	kiessel	kiesekkel
causal-final	kiesért	kiesekért
translative	kiessé	kiesekké
terminative	kiesig	kiesekig
essive-formal	kiesként	kiesekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	kiesben	kiesekben
superessive	kiesen	kieseken
adessive	kiesnél	kieseknél
illative	kiesbe	kiesekbe
sublative	kiesre	kiesekre
allative	kieshez	kiesekhez
elative	kiesből	kiesekből
delative	kiesről	kiesekről
ablative	kiestől	kiesektől
non-attributive possessive – singular	kiesé	kieseké
non-attributive possessive – plural	kieséi	kiesekéi

See also

• kiesik

Further reading

• kies in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Maltese

Root
k-w-s
4 terms

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Semitic *kaʔs-?

Arabic كَأْس (kaʔs)

Maltese kies

Inherited from Arabic كَأْس (kaʔs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɪːs/
• Rhymes: -ɪːs

Noun

kies m (plural kwies or kjies) (archaic)

1. glass, cup (any small drinking vessel)

   Synonym: tazza

Derived terms

• kies tat-tqarbin

See also

• kus
• qdieħ

Polish

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkjɛs/
• Rhymes: -ɛs
• Syllabification: kies

Noun

kies f

1. genitive plural of kiesa

West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian kēse, from Proto-West Germanic *kūsiju.

Noun

kies c (plural kiezen, diminutive kieske)

1. A molar

See also

• tosk