framework

See also: Framework

English

Etymology

From frame +‎ work.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• (US, Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈfɹeɪm.wɝk/

  • Audio (Mid-Atlantic US):

    (file)

• (Australia) IPA^(key): /ˈfɹæɪm.wɜːk/
• Hyphenation: frame‧work

Noun

framework (plural frameworks)

1. (literally) A support structure comprising joined parts or conglomerated particles and intervening open spaces of similar or larger size.
2. (literally) The arrangement of support beams that represent a building's general shape and size.

   Synonym: ossature

3. (figuratively) The larger branches of a tree that determine its shape.
4. (figuratively) A basic conceptual structure.

   These ‘three principles of connexion’ compose the framework of principles in Hume's account of the association of ideas.

   • 2012 March-April, John T. Jost, “Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist‎^[1], volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 13 February 2012, page 162:

     He draws eclectically on studies of baboons, descriptive anthropological accounts of hunter-gatherer societies and, in a few cases, the fossil record. With this biological framework in place, Corning endeavors to show that the capitalist system as currently practiced in the United States and elsewhere is manifestly unfair.

5. (software engineering) A reusable piece of code (and, sometimes, other utilities) providing a standard environment within which an application can be implemented.

   Hyponyms: architectural framework, entity framework, software framework

6. (grammar) An established and structured system of rules and principles used for analyzing and describing the structure of a language.

Derived terms

• extraframework
• framework agreement
• framework directive
• framework knitter
• framework law
• framework silicate
• institutional framework
• interframework
• intraframework
• metaframework
• metal-organic framework
• microframework
• multiframework
• reference framework
• regulatory framework
• underframework
• viewpoints framework

Translations

a support structure comprising joined parts and intervening open spaces

• Bulgarian: шаси (bg) n (šasi)
• Esperanto: kadro, kadraro
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: κάναβος m (kánabos), πῆγμα n (pêgma)

• Italian: struttura portante
• Latin: compāgēs f
• Portuguese: esqueleto (pt) m, estrutura (pt) f, armação (pt) f

the arrangement of support beams that represent a buildings general shape and size

• Azerbaijani: çərçivə (az)
• Breton: frammadur m
• Bulgarian: скелет (bg) m (skelet)
• Catalan: entramat (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 骨架 (zh) (gǔjià), 框架 (zh) (kuàngjià)

• Czech: kostra (cs) f, konstrukce (cs) f
• Danish: skelet (da) n
• Dutch: geraamte (nl) n
• Finnish: kehikko (fi)
• German: Rahmen (de) m, Gerüst (de) n, Fachwerk (de) n
• Greek: πλαίσιο (el) n (plaísio)

  Ancient Greek: πῆγμα n (pêgma)

• Italian: struttura (it) f, impalcatura (it) f, intelaiatura (it) f, struttura portante
• Japanese: 骨組み (ja) (ほねぐみ, honegumi)
• Latin: compactiō f
• Macedonian: оплата f (oplata)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rammeverk n

  Nynorsk: rammeverk n

• Persian: آرماتور (fa) (ârmâtur)
• Polish: szkielet (pl) m
• Portuguese: vigamento m, travejamento m
• Romanian: ramă (ro) f, structură (ro) f, schelet (ro) n, cadru (ro) n
• Russian: о́стов (ru) m (óstov), ко́рпус (ru) m (kórpus), карка́с (ru) m (karkás), ра́ма (ru) f (ráma)
• Serbo-Croatian: kostur (sh) m, konstrukcija (sh) f
• Spanish: entramado (es) m, armazón (es) m or f, carapacho (es) m
• Turkish: çatkı (tr), çatık (tr), iskele (tr), karkas (tr), yapı iskelesi, yapı karkası

  Ottoman Turkish: چاتی (çatı), بدن (beden)

the larger branches of a tree that determine its shape

a basic conceptual structure

• Armenian: շրջանակ (hy) (šrǰanak)
• Azerbaijani: çərçivə (az)
• Bulgarian: рамка (bg) f (ramka)
• Catalan: infraestructura (ca) f
• Chamicuro: ipakolo
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 結構 / 结构 (zh) (jiégòu), 架構 / 架构 (zh) (jiàgòu), 框架 (zh) (kuàngjià, kuāngjià)

• Czech: soustava (cs), systém (cs), aplikační rámec m
• Danish: ramme (da) c, struktur (da) c
• Dutch: raamwerk (nl) n, framework (nl) n, kader (nl) n
• Esperanto: kadro
• Finnish: viitekehys (fi), kehikko (fi)
• French: structure (fr)
• German: Bezugssystem (de) n, Gefüge (de) n, (computing) Programmiergerüst n, Rahmenkonzept n, Rahmenwerk n
• Greek: πλαίσιο (el) n (plaísio), σκελετός (el) m (skeletós)
• Indonesian: kerangka (id)
• Italian: infrastruttura (it) f, struttura portante
• Japanese: 構造 (ja) (こうぞう, kōzō), フレームワーク (ja) (furēmuwāku), 骨組み (ja) (ほねぐみ, honegumi)
• Kapampangan: balangkas
• Latin: compāgēs f
• Lithuanian: infratruktūra f
• Macedonian: рамки f pl (ramki)
• Malay: rangka kerja
• Māori: anga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rammeverk n

  Nynorsk: rammeverk n

• Portuguese: infraestrutura (pt) f, arcabouço (pt) m
• Russian: инфраструкту́ра (ru) f (infrastruktúra), систе́ма взгля́дов f (sistéma vzgljádov), то́чка отсчёта f (tóčka otsčóta), ра́мки (ru) f pl (rámki), усло́вия (ru) n pl (uslóvija), парадигма (ru) f (paradigma)
• Serbo-Croatian: okvir (sh), infrastruktura (sh) f, okosnica (sh) f
• Spanish: entramado (es) m, marco (es) m, armazón (es) m, estructura conceptual f
• Swedish: ramverk (sv) n
• Turkish: çerçeve
• Welsh: fframwaith (cy)
• Zhuang: gvaenghgaq

the identification and categorisation of processes or steps that constitute a complex task or mindset

• Italian: inquadramento (it)
• Portuguese: enquadramento (pt) m, regime (pt) m
• Russian: парадигма (ru) f (paradigma)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: ^{(please verify)} cadre (fr), ^{(please verify)} carcasse (fr), ^{(please verify)} charpente (fr)

Further reading

• framework on Wikipedia.Wikipedia