aptus

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ptós
Proto-Italic *aptos
Latin aptus

    From Proto-Italic *aptos, which has been connected to the root Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“to join, fit (in)”)[1][2][3] or to the perfect passive participle of apiō (“fasten, join”).[4]

    Pronunciation

    Participle

    aptus (feminine apta, neuter aptum, comparative aptior, superlative aptissimus, adverb aptē); first/second-declension participle

    1. suitable, adapted
      Synonyms: opportūnus, commodus, habilis, idōneus, dignus, conveniēns, iūstus, lēgitimus, ūtilis, ūtēnsilis, salūber
      Antonyms: incommodus, inūtilis, ineptus, irritus, grātuītus
    2. ready
    3. apt, proper
    4. bound, tied, attached, joined (to)
      • 1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 17, line 9:
        Apex, quod est sacerdotum īnsigne, dictus est ab eō, quod comprehendere antīquī vinculō apere dīcēbant. Unde aptus est, quī conventienter alicui iūnctus est.
        The apex, which is the ensign of the Flamen, is called so because of the fact that in, the old language, tying with a rope was called apere. Whence aptus is something which is conventiently joined to something.
      • c. 110 BCE–c. 25 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, De viris illustribus XXV. Atticus, 16.1:
        Humanitatis vero nullum afferre maius testimonium possum, quam quod adulescens idem seni Sullae fuit iucundissimus, senex adulescenti M. Bruto, cum aequalibus autem suis, Q. Hortensio et M. Cicerone, sic vixit, ut iudicare difficile sit, cui aetati fuerit aptissimus.
        I can offer no greater proof of his kindness than that, as a young man, he was exceedingly dear to the aged Sulla, and, as an old man, to the young Marcus Brutus; with his contemporaries, Quintus Hortensius and Marcus Cicero, he lived in such a way that it is difficult to judge to which age group he was most closely attached.
    5. dependent (on)
      Synonym: suspēnsus

    Declension

    First/second-declension adjective.

    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative aptus apta aptum aptī aptae apta
    genitive aptī aptae aptī aptōrum aptārum aptōrum
    dative aptō aptae aptō aptīs
    accusative aptum aptam aptum aptōs aptās apta
    ablative aptō aptā aptō aptīs
    vocative apte apta aptum aptī aptae apta

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • >? Albanian: aftë
    • Catalan: apte
    • English: apt
    • French: apte
    • Galician: apto
    • Italian: atto
    • Portuguese: apto
    • Romanian: apt
    • Spanish: apto

    References

    1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂ep-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 269
    2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
    3. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 294
    4. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “apīscor, -scī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 47

    Further reading

    • “aptus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “aptus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "aptus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “aptus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to be closely connected with each other: conexum et aptum esse inter se
      • systematic succession, concatenation: continuatio seriesque rerum, ut alia ex alia nexa et omnes inter se aptae colligataeque sint (N. D. 1. 4. 9)
      • (ambiguous) to be very intimately related: apte (aptissime) cohaerere
    • William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “apt”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
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