Statelessness
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| Unknown, in the many millions. UNHCR sometimes lists 4.4 million figure, but this estimate is about XXA designated stateless people who have been officially determined as stateless by state actors. True number is unknown due to how state actors that cause mass statelessness do not cooperate on data collection. UNHCR data is incomplete. (2022, est.) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Bangladesh | 952,300 registered |
 Ivory Coast | 931,100 registered |
| Myanmar | 630,000 registered |
| Thailand | 574,200 registered |
 Latvia | 159,742 registered |
| Estonia | 58,309 registered |
| Czech Republic | 387 registered |
| Germany | 21,195 registered |
| Finland | 1262 registered |
 Albania | 205 registered |
| Belarus | 6926 registered |
| Greece | 3743 registered |
| Kazakhstan | 2246 registered |
| Kosovo | 339 registered |
| Lithuania | 2207 registered |
| Malta | 171 registered |
| Montenegro | 240 registered |
| Romania | 61 registered |
| Spain | 4781 registered |
| Italy | 525 registered |
| Sweden | 6821 registered |
| Ukraine | 5851 registered |
| Azerbaijan | 5 registered |
| Austria | 4334 registered |
| Belgium | 937 registered |
| Canada | 3560 registered |
| Hungary | 116 registered |
| Moldova | 1233 registered |
| Armenia | 685 registered |
| Bulgaria | 539 registered |
| Brunei | 13,116 registered |
| Iceland | 31 registered |
| Turkey | 397 registered |
| Portugal | 12 registered |
 Switzerland | 2574 registered |
| South Korea | 55 registered |
| Serbia | 675 registered |
| Slovakia | 5 registered |
| Togo | 1095 registered |
| Tanzania | 93 registered |
| Georgia | 1063 registered |
 Denmark | 8393 registered |
| Mongolia | 37 registered |
| Slovakia | 51 registered |
total. Replace with population.| Legal status of persons |
|---|
| Birthright |
| Nationality |
| Immigration |
In international law, a stateless person is someone who is "not considered as a national by any state under the operation of its law". Some stateless people are also refugees. However, not all refugees are stateless, and many people who are stateless have never crossed an international border. At the end of 2022, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees published an estimation of 4.4 million people worldwide as either stateless or of undetermined nationality, which is 90,800 (or 2%) more than at the end of 2021. However, the data itself is not complete because UNHCR does not have data from many countries, such as from at least 22 countries where mass statelessness exists. The data also does not include de facto stateless people who have no legal identification to prove their nationality or legal existence. According to the World Bank, at least 850 million fit that category.
The status of a person who might be stateless ultimately depends on the viewpoint of the state with respect to the individual or a group of people. In some cases, the state makes its view clear and explicit; in others, its viewpoint is harder to discern. In those cases, one may need to rely on prima facie evidence of the view of the state, which in turn may give rise to a presumption of statelessness.