Isfahan

"Espahan" redirects here. For the village, see Espahan, Razavi Khorasan.

This article is about the city of Isfahan. For other uses, see Isfahan (disambiguation).

Isfahan اصفهان (Persian) Sepahan, Aspadana, Espandana
City
A view of the city and Naqsh-e Jahan Square Si-o-se-pol Khaju Bridge Flower Garden of Isfahan Chehel Sotoun Shah Mosque Vank Cathedral
Seal Coat of arms Flag
Nickname:  Half of the World (نصف جهان, Nesfe Jahân)
A map of the Isfahan administrative area
Isfahan Location in Iran Isfahan Isfahan (West and Central Asia)
Coordinates: 32°39′55″N 51°40′13″E
Country	Iran
Province	Isfahan
County	Isfahan
District	Central
Government
• Mayor	Ali Ghasemzadeh
• City Council	Mohammad Nour Salehi (Chairman)
Area
• Urban	551 km2 (213 sq mi)
Elevation	1,574 m (5,164 ft)
Population  (2025)
• City	2,238,000
• Density	4,000/km2 (10,400/sq mi)
• Urban	2,219,343
• Metro	3,989,070
• Metro rank	2nd
GDP (Nominal, 2024)
• City	US$23.2 billion
• Per capita	US$10,100
Time zone	UTC+3:30 (IRST)
Area code	031
Climate	BWk
Website	isfahan.ir

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Isfahan (Persian: اصفهان [esfæˈhɒːn] ^ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. It is the capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is located 440 kilometres (270 miles) south of Tehran. The city has a population of approximately 2,238,000, making it the third-most populous city in Iran, after Tehran and Mashhad, and the second-largest metropolitan area.

Isfahan is located at the intersection of the two principal routes that traverse Iran, north–south and east–west. Isfahan flourished between the 9th and 18th centuries. Under the Safavid Empire, Isfahan became the capital of Iran, for the second time in its history, under Abbas the Great. It is known for its Persian–Muslim architecture, grand boulevards, covered bridges, palaces, tiled mosques, and minarets.

Isfahan has many historical buildings, monuments, paintings, and artifacts. The fame of Isfahan led to the Persian proverb Esfahān nesf-e-jahān ast ('Isfahan is half the world'). Naqsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan is one of the largest city squares in the world, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.