trainer

See also: Trainer, traîner, and traïner

English

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-der.?
Latin trahere
Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre
Old French traïnerder.
Old French trainder.
Middle English trayne
English train
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-os?
Proto-Indo-European *-o-
Proto-Indo-European *-so-
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós
Proto-Italic *-āsijos
Proto-Italic *-āsios
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
▲
Latin -ārius
Old French -ierbor.
Middle English -er
English -er
English trainer

    From train + -er.

    Pronunciation

    • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈtɹeɪnə/
    • (US) enPR: trāʹnər, IPA(key): /ˈtɹeɪnɚ/
    • Audio (Australia):(file)
    • Rhymes: -eɪnə(ɹ)

    Noun

    trainer (plural trainers)

    1. A person who trains another; a coach.
    2. (sports) A person responsible for treating injuries sustained by players during matches; a physiotherapist.
      • 2009, Garth Dykes, Nelson FC in the Football League, page 22:
        He served Nelson wholeheartedly as a player, coach and trainer in a lengthy association, the highlights being his involvement in two championship-winning sides.
    4. (UK, Ireland) A running shoe or sneaker.
    5. (video games, slang) A patch for a video game that applies cheats.
      • 2000, Phil, “I need trainer for version 1.10.021”, in alt.games.rctycoon (Usenet):
        I actually never got a trainer for RCT, but needed one for my brother when I installed it on his computer. He is 10, and is only concerned with making "cool" coasters. I also completed CF before getting trainers.
      • 2001, LJames4728, “Good C64 Game Sites?”, in alt.c64 (Usenet):
        Are there any sites that have original copies of games? (ie: Summer/Winter/World Games with Fast Loading). Just looking for games without the trainers/intros.
    6. (cycling) A piece of indoor equipment allowing a bicycle to be ridden while stationary.
    7. (horticulture) A device for encouraging the roots of a plant to grow in a certain direction.
      a root trainer
    8. Attributive form of trainers.
      There was chewing gum stuck to my trainer soles.

    Synonyms

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • → Cebuano: trainor
      • → English: trainor
    • → German: Trainer
    • → Japanese: トレーナー (torēnā)
    • → Korean: 트레이너 (teureineo)
    • → Polish: trener
    • → Slovene: trener

    Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Anagrams

    Dutch

    Pronunciation

    • Audio:(file)

    Noun

    trainer m or f (plural trainers, diminutive trainertje n, female equivalent trainster)

    1. trainer
    2. coach

    French

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    trainer

    1. post-1990 spelling of traîner

    Conjugation

    Conjugation of trainer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
    infinitive simple trainer
    compound avoir + past participle
    present participle or gerund1 simple trainant
    /tʁɛ.nɑ̃/ or /tʁe.nɑ̃/
    compound ayant + past participle
    past participle trainé
    /tʁɛ.ne/ or /tʁe.ne/
    singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present traine
    /tʁɛn/     		traines
    /tʁɛn/     		traine
    /tʁɛn/     		trainons
    /tʁɛ.nɔ̃/ or /tʁe.nɔ̃/     		trainez
    /tʁɛ.ne/ or /tʁe.ne/     		trainent
    /tʁɛn/
    imperfect trainais
    /tʁɛ.nɛ/ or /tʁe.nɛ/     		trainais
    /tʁɛ.nɛ/ or /tʁe.nɛ/     		trainait
    /tʁɛ.nɛ/ or /tʁe.nɛ/     		trainions
    /tʁɛ.njɔ̃/ or /tʁe.njɔ̃/     		trainiez
    /tʁɛ.nje/ or /tʁe.nje/     		trainaient
    /tʁɛ.nɛ/ or /tʁe.nɛ/
    past historic2 trainai
    /tʁɛ.ne/ or /tʁe.ne/     		trainas
    /tʁɛ.na/ or /tʁe.na/     		traina
    /tʁɛ.na/ or /tʁe.na/     		trainâmes
    /tʁɛ.nam/ or /tʁe.nam/     		trainâtes
    /tʁɛ.nat/ or /tʁe.nat/     		trainèrent
    /tʁɛ.nɛʁ/ or /tʁe.nɛʁ/
    future trainerai
    /tʁɛn.ʁe/     		traineras
    /tʁɛn.ʁa/     		trainera
    /tʁɛn.ʁa/     		trainerons
    /tʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/     		trainerez
    /tʁɛn.ʁe/     		traineront
    /tʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/
    conditional trainerais
    /tʁɛn.ʁɛ/     		trainerais
    /tʁɛn.ʁɛ/     		trainerait
    /tʁɛn.ʁɛ/     		trainerions
    /tʁɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /tʁe.nə.ʁjɔ̃/     		traineriez
    /tʁɛ.nə.ʁje/ or /tʁe.nə.ʁje/     		traineraient
    /tʁɛn.ʁɛ/
    (compound
    tenses)         		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
    past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present traine
    /tʁɛn/     		traines
    /tʁɛn/     		traine
    /tʁɛn/     		trainions
    /tʁɛ.njɔ̃/ or /tʁe.njɔ̃/     		trainiez
    /tʁɛ.nje/ or /tʁe.nje/     		trainent
    /tʁɛn/
    imperfect2 trainasse
    /tʁɛ.nas/ or /tʁe.nas/     		trainasses
    /tʁɛ.nas/ or /tʁe.nas/     		trainât
    /tʁɛ.na/ or /tʁe.na/     		trainassions
    /tʁɛ.na.sjɔ̃/ or /tʁe.na.sjɔ̃/     		trainassiez
    /tʁɛ.na.sje/ or /tʁe.na.sje/     		trainassent
    /tʁɛ.nas/ or /tʁe.nas/
    (compound
    tenses)         		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nous vous –
    simple — traine
    /tʁɛn/     		— trainons
    /tʁɛ.nɔ̃/ or /tʁe.nɔ̃/     		trainez
    /tʁɛ.ne/ or /tʁe.ne/     		—
    compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
    1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
    2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
    past historic → present perfect
    past anterior → pluperfect
    imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
    pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

    (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

    Further reading

    Anagrams

    Old French

    Alternative forms

    • trahiner, traïner (diaereses are not universally used in transcriptions of Old French)

    Etymology

      From Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, from *tragere (see treire), from Latin trahō, trahere (“I pull”).

      Verb

      trainer

      1. to drag
        • c. 1176, Chrétien de Troyes, Cligès:
          li rois antor le chastel fait
          traïner à .IIII. chevax
          les traïtors parmi les vax
          the king ordered that
          the traitors be dragged by four horses
          around the castle, among the valleys

      Conjugation

      This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

          Conjugation of trainer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
      simple compound
      infinitive trainer avoir trainé
      gerund en trainant gerund of avoir + past participle
      present participle trainant
      past participle trainé
      person singular plural
      first second third first second third
      indicative jo tu il nos vos il
      simple
      tenses       		present train traines traine trainons trainez trainent
      imperfect trainoie, traineie, trainoe, traineve trainoies, traineies, trainoes, traineves trainoit, traineit, trainot, traineve trainiiens, trainiens trainiiez, trainiez trainoient, traineient, trainoent, trainevent
      preterite trainai trainas traina trainames trainastes trainerent
      future trainerai traineras trainera trainerons traineroiz, trainereiz, trainerez traineront
      conditional traineroie, trainereie traineroies, trainereies traineroit, trainereit traineriiens, traineriens traineriiez, traineriez traineroient, trainereient
      compound
      tenses       		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
      past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
      future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
      conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
      subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
      simple
      tenses       		present train trains traint trainons trainez trainent
      imperfect trainasse trainasses trainast trainissons, trainissiens trainissoiz, trainissez, trainissiez trainassent
      compound
      tenses       		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      imperative – tu – nos vos –
      — traine — trainons trainez —

      Descendants

      Romanian

      Etymology

      Etymology tree
      Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-der.?
      Latin trahere
      Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre
      Old French traïnerder.
      Old French trainder.
      Middle English trayne
      English train
      Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂
      Proto-Indo-European *-os?
      Proto-Indo-European *-o-
      Proto-Indo-European *-so-
      Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-
      Proto-Indo-European *-yós
      Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós
      Proto-Italic *-āsijos
      Proto-Italic *-āsios
      Latin -āriusnom.
      Latin -āriusbor.
      Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
      Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
      Old English -ere
      Middle English -ere
      ▲
      Latin -ārius
      Old French -ierbor.
      Middle English -er
      English -er
      English trainerbor.
      Romanian trainer

        Borrowed from English trainer.

        Noun

        trainer m (plural traineri)

        1. trainer

        Declension

        singular plural
        indefinite definite indefinite definite
        nominative-accusative trainer trainerul traineri trainerii
        genitive-dative trainer trainerului traineri trainerilor
        vocative trainerule trainerilor
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