putrefacio

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *puH-der.
Latin puter
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti
Proto-Italic *θakjō
Proto-Italic *fakjō
Latin faciō
Latin putrefaciō

    From puter + faciō.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    putrefaciō (present infinitive putrefacere, perfect active putrefēcī, supine putrefactum); third (-iō variant) conjugation, suppletive

    1. to rot or putrefy
      • 4th c./5th c. AD, Palladius, Opus agriculturae 1.33.1:
        Vmor abundans hoc praestabit stercori, ut, si qua insunt spinarum semina, putrefiant.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    2. to soften
      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 21.37.2:
        […] cum et uis uenti apta faciendo igni coorta esset, succendunt ardentiaque saxa infuso aceto putrefaciunt.
        • 1905 translation by Canon William Masfen Roberts
          When the rock was red hot they poured vinegar upon it to disintegrate it.

    Conjugation

       Conjugation of putrefaciō (third (-iō variant) conjugation, suppletive)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present putrefaciō putrefacis putrefacit putrefacimus putrefacitis putrefaciunt
    imperfect putrefaciēbam putrefaciēbās putrefaciēbat putrefaciēbāmus putrefaciēbātis putrefaciēbant
    future putrefaciam putrefaciēs putrefaciet putrefaciēmus putrefaciētis putrefacient
    perfect putrefēcī putrefēcistī putrefēcit putrefēcimus putrefēcistis putrefēcērunt,
    putrefēcēre
    pluperfect putrefēceram putrefēcerās putrefēcerat putrefēcerāmus putrefēcerātis putrefēcerant
    future perfect putrefēcerō putrefēceris putrefēcerit putrefēcerimus putrefēceritis putrefēcerint
    passive present putrefīō putrefīs putrefit putrefīmus putrefītis putrefīunt
    imperfect putrefīēbam putrefīēbās putrefīēbat putrefīēbāmus putrefīēbātis putrefīēbant
    future putrefīam putrefīēs putrefīet putrefīēmus putrefīētis putrefīent
    perfect putrefactus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect putrefactus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect putrefactus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present putrefaciam putrefaciās putrefaciat putrefaciāmus putrefaciātis putrefaciant
    imperfect putrefacerem putrefacerēs putrefaceret putrefacerēmus putrefacerētis putrefacerent
    perfect putrefēcerim putrefēcerīs putrefēcerit putrefēcerīmus putrefēcerītis putrefēcerint
    pluperfect putrefēcissem putrefēcissēs putrefēcisset putrefēcissēmus putrefēcissētis putrefēcissent
    passive present putrefīam putrefīās putrefīat putrefīāmus putrefīātis putrefīant
    imperfect putrefierem putrefierēs putrefieret putrefierēmus putrefierētis putrefierent
    perfect putrefactus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect putrefactus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — putreface — — putrefacite —
    future — putrefacitō putrefacitō — putrefacitōte putrefaciuntō
    passive present — putrefī — — putrefīte —
    future — putrefītō putrefītō — putrefītōte putrefīuntō
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present putrefacere putrefierī putrefaciēns —
    future putrefactūrum esse putrefactum īrī putrefactūrus putrefaciendus,
    putrefaciundus
    perfect putrefēcisse putrefactum esse — putrefactus
    future perfect — putrefactum fore — —
    perfect potential putrefactūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    putrefaciendī putrefaciendō putrefaciendum putrefaciendō putrefactum putrefactū

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Italian: putrefare
    • Portuguese: putrefazer

    References

    • “putrefacio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “putrefacio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “putrefacio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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