iocus

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *yek-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *yókos
Proto-Italic *jokos
Latin iocus

    From Proto-Italic *jokos, from Proto-Indo-European *yek- (“to speak”).[1] Compare Old High German jëhan (Middle High German jëhen), Welsh iaith, Breton yezh. Possibly cognate with English Yule, Danish jul, Norwegian Bokmål jul, Swedish jul, and Norwegian Nynorsk jol.

    Compare typologically Russian прибау́тка (pribaútka) (akin to ба́ять (bájatʹ), ба́йка (bájka)).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    iocus m (genitive iocī); second declension

    1. a joke, jest
    2. a form of amusement
    3. pastime, sport
      Synonyms: lūdus, lūsus

    Declension

    Second-declension noun (otherwise or neuter).

    singular plural
    nominative iocus iocī
    ioca
    genitive iocī iocōrum
    dative iocō iocīs
    accusative iocum iocōs
    ioca
    ablative iocō iocīs
    vocative ioce iocī
    ioca

    The inflection is irregular. The neuter plural is more likely to denote a collective.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “iocus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 308

    Further reading

    • "iocus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “jocus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • I said it in jest: haec iocatus sum, per iocum dixi
      • (ambiguous) joking apart: extra iocum, remoto ioco (Fam. 7. 11. 3)
      • (ambiguous) to make a joke: ioco uti (Off. 1. 29. 103)
      • (ambiguous) joking apart: extra iocum, remoto ioco (Fam. 7. 11. 3)
    • “iocus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
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