halogen

See also: Halogen

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls, “salt" or "sea”) + γεν- (gen-), "to produce" (coined by Berzelius in 1842).[1] By surface analysis, halo- (“salt”) +‎ -gen (“forming”).

Pronunciation

  • enPR: hălʹə-jən, hāʹlə-jən
  • IPA(key): /ˈhæl.ə.d͡ʒən/, /ˈheɪ.lə.d͡ʒən/
  • Audio (Southern England):(file)

Noun

halogen (plural halogens)

  1. (chemistry) Any element of group 17, i.e. fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine and tennessine.
    Hypernyms: nonmetal < element < substance, material
    Coordinate terms: chalcogen, pnictogen, metalloid, metal
    • 2024 November, “Chemical Decomposition, Fire, and Toxic Gas Release at Bio-Lab, Inc.”, in U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board‎[1], archived from the original on 1 March 2025, page 2:
      Plant 12 also stored super sacks of bromochloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione (BCDMH), which is a granular solid oxidizer with a halogen odor that, in addition to chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride, can also release bromine gas and hydrogen bromide upon decomposition.
  2. A light fixture in which the filament is surrounded by an atmosphere of a halogen gas.

Usage notes

  • When the term was coined, all known group 17 elements formed salts on reaction with a metal. This may not be true for the recently discovered superheavy element tennessine, though experiments cannot yet be carried out because of its short lifetime and the difficulty of manufacturing it. Chemists usually include tennessine as a halogen to extend the term to all of group 17, though those specializing in the chemistry of superheavy elements may exclude it.

Derived terms

Translations

References

  1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “halogen”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Further reading

Catalan

Etymology

From halo- +‎ -gen.

Pronunciation

Noun

halogen m (plural halogens)

  1. halogen

Derived terms

Further reading

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈɦaloɡɛn]
  • IPA(key): [ˈɦaloɡɛːn]

Noun

halogen m inan

  1. halogen
    Synonym: halový prvek

Declension

Declension of halogen (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative halogen halogeny
genitive halogenu halogenů
dative halogenu halogenům
accusative halogen halogeny
vocative halogene halogeny
locative halogenu halogenech
instrumental halogenem halogeny

Further reading

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls, “salt" or "sea”) +‎ -gen.

Noun

halogen n (definite singular halogenet, indefinite plural halogen or halogener, definite plural halogena or halogenene)

  1. (chemistry) halogen

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls) +‎ -gen.

Noun

halogen n (definite singular halogenet, indefinite plural halogen, definite plural halogena)

  1. (chemistry) halogen

References

Polish

Etymology

Internationalism; compare English halogen, French halogène, Russian галоге́н (galogén).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xaˈlɔ.ɡɛn/
  • Rhymes: -ɔɡɛn
  • Syllabification: ha‧lo‧gen

Noun

halogen m inan

  1. halogen lamp
  2. (chemistry) halogen
    Synonyms: chlorowiec, fluorowiec

Declension

Declension of halogen
singular plural
nominative halogen halogeny
genitive halogena, halogenu halogenów
dative halogenowi halogenom
accusative halogen halogeny
instrumental halogenem halogenami
locative halogenie halogenach
vocative halogenie halogeny

Derived terms

nouns

Further reading

  • “halogen”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • “halogen”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish)

Romanian

Etymology

Etymology tree
French halo-
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os
Proto-Hellenic *génos
Ancient Greek γένος (génos)
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *-ēs
Proto-Hellenic *-ēs
Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs)
Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.
French -gène
French halogènebor.
Romanian halogen

    Borrowed from French halogène.

    Adjective

    halogen m or n (feminine singular halogenă, masculine plural halogeni, feminine/neuter plural halogene)

    1. halogenic

    Declension

    Declension of halogen
    singular plural
    masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
    nominative-
    accusative     		indefinite halogen halogenă halogeni halogene
    definite halogenul halogena halogenii halogenele
    genitive-
    dative     		indefinite halogen halogene halogeni halogene
    definite halogenului halogenei halogenilor halogenelor

    Welsh

    Etymology

    Borrowed from English halogen.

    Pronunciation

    • (North Wales) IPA(key): /haˈlɔɡɛn/
    • (South Wales) IPA(key): /haˈloːɡɛn/, /haˈlɔɡɛn/
    • Rhymes: -ɔɡɛn

    Noun

    halogen m (not mutable, plural halogenau)

    1. (chemistry) halogen
      • 1937, R. O. Davies, Elfennau Cemeg (Elements of Chemistry), University of Wales Press:
        Elfen arall yn perthyn i deulu’r halogenau yw ffluorin.
        "Another element belonging to the halogen family is fluorine."

    References

    • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “halogen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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