grates

See also: Grates, gratés, and gråtes

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: grāts
• (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /ɡɹeɪ̯ts/
• (Australia, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ɡɹæɪ̯ts/
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /ɡɹets/
• (India) IPA^(key): /ɡɾeːʈs/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪts
• Homophone: greats
• Hyphenation: grates

Noun

grates

1. plural of grate

Verb

grates

1. third-person singular simple present indicative of grate

Further reading

• “grates”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• 'Gaters, Gaters, Greats, Stager, Strega, gaster, greats, ragest, retags, stager, targes

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [ˈɡɾa.təs]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈɡɾa.tes]
• Rhymes: -ates
• Hyphenation: gra‧tes

Etymology 1

Adjective

grates

1. feminine plural of grat

Etymology 2

Verb

grates

1. second-person singular present indicative of gratar

Latin

Etymology

From the plural of Old Latin *grātis, from Proto-Italic *gʷrātis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷérHtis, from the root *gʷerH- (“to welcome, greet, praise”) +‎ *-tis (deverbal abstract noun–forming suffix). Cognates include Oscan 𐌁𐌓𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌝𐌔 (brateís), Paelignian brat, brais, Vestinian brat, Old Church Slavonic жрьти (žrĭti, “to offer, sacrifice”) and Sanskrit गूर्ति (gūrtí, “approval, praise, welcoming; benediction”). Compare grātia (“favor, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship, partiality”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɡraː.teːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɡraː.tes]
• Hyphenation: grā‧tēs

Noun

grātēs f pl (genitive grātium); third declension

1. thanks, thanksgiving

Usage notes

This noun originally appeared only in the nominative and accusative plural (the genitive, dative, and vocative plural are unattested and ablative plural only rarely) and was used with agō (“to put in motion, move, lead, drive, tend, conduct”) when rendering thanks to the gods; grātiās agō was generally used for thanks between humans.

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem), plural only.

	plural
nominative	grātēs
genitive	grātium
dative	grātibus
accusative	grātēs grātīs
ablative	grātibus
vocative	grātēs

Related terms

• grātē
• grātia
• grātificor
• grātiōsus
• grātīs
• grātitudō
• grātor
• grātulātiō
• grātulātōrius
• grātulor
• grātus

References

• “grātes”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• grātēs in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 2964
• R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “grates”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎^[1], London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
• “grātes”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 723, column 1.
• Harm Pinkster, editor (2018), “grātēs”, in Woordenboek Latijn/Nederlands‎^[2], 7th revised edition, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC
• Latino-Sinicum [ = 感謝之詞/感谢之词 (gǎnxiè zhī cí); ~tēs ei reddĕre vel rependĕre vel rĕferre = 感謝／感谢 (gǎnxiè); ~tibus venerārī = 謹謝/谨谢 (jǐn xiè), 叩謝／叩谢 (kòuxiè)], in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
• "GRATES", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “grātēs”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Further reading

• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to give thanks to heaven: grates agere (dis immortalibus)
    
  • to thank, glorify the immortal gods: grates, laudes agere dis immortalibus
    

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾates/ [ˈɡɾa.t̪es]
• Rhymes: -ates
• Syllabification: gra‧tes

Verb

grates

1. second-person singular present subjunctive of gratar