got

See also: Appendix:Variations of "got"
Languages (21)
Translingual • English
Catalan • Finnish • Indonesian • Javanese • Ladin • Low German • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Middle High German • Middle Low German • Old Dutch • Old High German • Polish • Romanian • Serbo-Croatian • Swedish • Welsh • Yola • Zhuang
Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Gothic.

Symbol

got

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Gothic.

See also

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

got (third-person singular simple present got or (nonstandard) gots, no present participle, simple past (by suppletion) had, no past participle)

  1. Expressing obligation; used with have.
    I can’t go out tonight: I’ve got to study for my exams.
  2. (colloquial, with to) Must; have/has (to).
    I got to go study.
    • 1971, Carole King, Gerry Goffin, “Smackwater Jack”, in Tapestry, Ode Records:
      We got to ride to clean up the streets / For our wives and our daughters!
  3. (colloquial, regional or nonstandard) Have/has.
    They got a new car.
    He got a lot of nerve.
Translations

Verb

got

  1. simple past of get
    We got the last bus home.
  2. past participle of get
    By that time we’d got very cold.
    I’ve got two children.
    How many children have you got?
  3. simple past of git
Usage notes
  • (expressing obligation): "Got" is a filler word in the following example with no obvious grammatical or semantic function: "I've got to study for my exams" has the same meaning as "I have to study for my exams". It is often stressed in speech: "You've just got to see this."
  • (have): In nonstandard speech, "got" may be reinterpreted as a regular present tense, so that the form gots appears in the third-person singular present, e.g. She gots a red bike.
  • (past participle of get): The second sentence literally means "At some time in the past I got (obtained) two children", but in "have got" constructions like this, where "got" is used in the sense of "obtained", the sense of obtaining is lost, becoming merely one of possessing, and the sentence is in effect just a more colloquial way of saying "I have two children". Similarly, the third sentence is just a more colloquial way of saying "How many children do you have?"
  • (past participle of get): The American and archaic British usage of the verb conjugates as get-got-gotten or as get-got-got depending on the meaning (see Usage Notes on "get" for details), whereas the modern British usage of the verb has mostly lost this distinction and conjugates as get-got-got in most cases. Notice the idiom get got.
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Analogous to Chinese 有, such as Hokkien 有 (ū), Cantonese 有 (jau5), Mandarin 有 (yǒu). Sense 1 is also comparable to Malay ada.

Verb

got (invariable)

  2. (Singlish, Manglish) Have; there is (indicates the possession or existence of something).
    You got problem is it?
    Got ants over here.
    Got car! Got car! ― Watch out for the car!
    • 1999, Alfian Sa'at, Corridor, Singapore: SNP Editions, →OCLC, page 122:
      “Got lighter or not?”
    • 2010, Haresh Sharma, Those Who Can't, Teach, Epigram Books, Act II, scene iv:
      She sure got a lot of costume change, make-up, wig long long…
    • 2022, Daren Shiau, chapter VIII, in Heartland, Ethos Books, →ISBN:
      “There is no such thing as president of the world. But there is one king of the world. I am king of the world. Bigger than you!”
      “Where got king, one? Who say so? You play cheat.”
      “My mother say got. You don’t believe me you ask her.”
  4. (Singlish, auxiliary) Marks the completive or experiential aspect.
    Synonym: (Singlish, experiential aspect only) ever
    You got shower? ― Have you showered?
    I got ski. ― I went skiing.
    I got ski before. ― I have skied before.
    • 2010 August 22, Fiona Chan, “Dummies’ guide to e-mail”, in The Sunday Times‎[1], Singapore, page 13:
      You got send [e-mail] meh? I never receive leh.
    • 2021, Daryl Qilin Yam, Lovelier, Lonelier, Epigram Books, →ISBN:
      I got find it a bit weird lah, to be honest with you—it’s just a small cup!
  6. (Singlish, auxiliary) Used as a marker of realis modality.
    I got go Taiwan next year. ― I’m already/actually going to Taiwan next year.
  8. (Singlish, auxiliary) Used to emphasize that an action has been done.
    I got tell them just now.
  10. (Singlish, auxiliary) Marks the habitual aspect in the present or past tense.
    I got cook meals for them. ― I cook meals for them; I would cook meals for them (now and then or regularly).
    You got play badminton? ― Do you play badminton?
Derived terms

References

  • Nomoto, Hiroki; Lee, Nala Huiying (2012), “Realis, factuality and derived-level statives: Perspectives from the analysis of Singlish got”, in Cahiers Chronos, volume 25, →ISSN, pages 219-239

Anagrams

Catalan

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *gottus, from Latin guttus. Cognate with Italian gotto, Ladin got, Occitan gòt, Venetan goto.

Noun

got m (plural gots)

  1. glass (drinking glass)
    Synonyms: tassó, vas

Etymology 2

    Inherited from Latin Gothus.

    Noun

    got m (plural gots, feminine goda, feminine plural godes)

    1. Goth
    Derived terms

    Further reading

    Finnish

    Noun

    got

    1. nominative plural of go

    Indonesian

    Etymology

    From Dutch goot (“gutter”), from Middle Dutch gōte, from Old Dutch *gota, from Proto-Germanic *gutō.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [ˈɡɔt]
    • Hyphenation: got

    Noun

    got

    1. gutter (a prepared channel in a surface, especially at the side of a road adjacent to a curb, intended for the drainage of water)
      Synonyms: apuran, comberan, pelimbahan, selokan, talang

    Further reading

    Javanese

    Romanization

    got

    1. romanization of ꦒꦺꦴꦠ꧀

    Ladin

    Etymology

    From Vulgar Latin *gottus, from Latin guttus. Cognate with Catalan got, Venetan goto, Italian gotto.

    Noun

    got m (plural goc)

    1. (Gherdëina, Badiot) glass (drinking glass)
      Bever n got de lat.
      To drink a glass of milk.

    Alternative forms

    Low German

    Adjective

    got (comparative bȩter or bäter)

    1. alternative form of goot

    See also

    Middle Dutch

    Etymology

    From Old Dutch got, from Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą.

    Noun

    got m

    1. god
    2. the Christian God

    Inflection

    Strong masculine noun
    singular plural
    nominative got gōde
    accusative got gōde
    genitive gots, gōots, gōdes gōde
    dative gōde gōden

    Alternative forms

    Descendants

    • Dutch: god, God
    • Limburgish: gód, Gód

    Further reading

    • “got”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
    • Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “god”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page god

    Middle English

    Etymology 1

    From Old English gāt, from Proto-West Germanic *gait, from Proto-Germanic *gaits.

    Alternative forms

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ɡɔ̝ːt/
    • IPA(key): /ɡaːt/ (Northern)

    Noun

    got (plural gotes or get)

    1. goat (especially a female)
    2. The meat or flesh of goats
    3. A chamois or antelope
    4. A lustful individual; lust as a concept
    5. (astrology) Capricorn
    Descendants
    References

    Etymology 2

    Noun

    got

    1. alternative form of gutte

    Middle High German

    Etymology

      Inherited from Old High German got.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈɡot/

      Noun

      got m

      1. god; deity

      Declension

      Declension of got (strong masculine without umlaut)
      singular plural
      indef. def. noun def. noun
      nominative ein dër got die gote
      genitive eines dës gotes dër gote
      dative eime dëm gote dën goten
      accusative einen dën got die gote

      Descendants

      • Alemannic German: Gott
      • Bavarian:
      • Central Franconian: Jott
      • German: Gott
      • Low German:
        • German Low German:
      • Rhine Franconian:
        • Pennsylvania German: Gott
      • Vilamovian: Göt
      • Yiddish: גאָט (got)

      References

      • Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “got”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel.
      • Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “got”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch‎[2] (in German), 3rd edition

      Middle Low German

      Etymology 1

      From Old Saxon gōd, from Proto-West Germanic *gōd, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz.

      Pronunciation

      • Stem vowel: ô¹
        • (originally) IPA(key): /ɣoːt/

      Adjective

      gôt (comparative bēter, superlative best)

      1. good
      Declension
      Declension of got
      singular plural
      masculine neuter feminine
      Strong declension
      nominative gôt gôde
      accusative gôden gôt gôde
      dative gôdem(e) (gôdennote) gôder(e) gôden
      genitive gôdes gôder(e)
      Weak declension
      nominative gôde gôden
      accusative gôden gôde gôden
      dative gôden
      genitive

      The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.

      Descendants

      Etymology 2

      From Old Saxon god, from Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ɣɔt/

      Noun

      got m (genitive godes or gades, plural gode or gade)

      1. god

      Old Dutch

      Etymology

      From Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą.

      Noun

      got m

      1. god

      Inflection

      Declension of got (masculine a-stem noun)
      case singular plural
      nominative got goda
      accusative got goda
      genitive godes godo
      dative gode godon

      Descendants

      Further reading

      • “got”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

      Old High German

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

        From Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą. Compare Old Saxon, Old Frisian, and Old English god, Old Dutch got, Old Norse guð, Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌸 (guþ).

        Noun

        got m

        1. god

        Declension

        Declension of got (masculine a-stem)
        case singular plural
        nominative got gotā, gota
        accusative got gotā, gota
        genitive gotes goto
        dative gote gotum
        instrumental gotu —

        Derived terms

        Descendants

        • Middle High German: got
          • Alemannic German: Gott
          • Bavarian:
          • Central Franconian: Jott
          • German: Gott
          • Low German:
            • German Low German:
          • Rhine Franconian:
            • Pennsylvania German: Gott
          • Vilamovian: Göt
          • Yiddish: גאָט (got)

        References

        Polish

        Etymology

        Etymology tree
        Ancient Greek Γότθος (Gótthos)
        Proto-Indo-European *-kos
        Proto-Hellenic *-kos
        Ancient Greek -κός (-kós)
        Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós)
        Ancient Greek Γοτθικός (Gotthikós)
        Late Latin gothicuslbor.
        Polish gotykbf.
        Polish got

          Back-formation from gotyk.

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /ˈɡɔt/
          • Rhymes: -ɔt
          • Syllabification: got
          • Homophone: Got

          Noun

          got m pers (female equivalent gotka)

          1. (music) goth (person who is part of the goth subculture)

          Declension

          Declension of got
          singular plural
          nominative got goci, goty1
          genitive gota gotów
          dative gotowi gotom
          accusative gota gotów
          instrumental gotem gotami
          locative gocie gotach
          vocative gocie goci

          1Deprecative.

          adjectives
          adverb
          nouns

          Further reading

          • “got”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[4] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
          • “got”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[5] (in Polish)

          Romanian

          Etymology

          Etymology tree
          Latin Gothus
          French Gothbor.
          Romanian got

            Borrowed from French Goth, from Latin Gothus.

            Noun

            got m (plural goți)

            1. Goth

            Declension

            singular plural
            indefinite definite indefinite definite
            nominative-accusative got gotul goți goții
            genitive-dative got gotului goți goților
            vocative gotule goților

            Serbo-Croatian

            Etymology

            Cognate with Czech hlt.

            Pronunciation

            • IPA(key): /ɡôt/

            Adjective

            gôt (Cyrillic spelling гôт)

            1. (Kajkavian) throat

            References

            Swedish

            Etymology

            Inherited from Old Swedish gotar. Doublet of gute. Compare origin of göt.

            Noun

            got c

            1. (historical) Goth (member of the ancient group of peoples)

            Declension

            Declension of got
            nominative genitive
            singular indefinite got gots
            definite goten gotens
            plural indefinite goter goters
            definite goterna goternas

            Derived terms

            References

            • “got”, in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker [Dictionaries of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
            • got in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

            Welsh

            Pronunciation

            • IPA(key): /ɡɔt/

            Noun

            got

            1. soft mutation of cot

            Mutation

            Mutated forms of cot
            radical soft nasal aspirate
            cot got nghot chot

            Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
            All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

            Yola

            Verb

            got

            1. alternative form of godth
              • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:
                Jaane got leigheen; shoo pleast aam all, fowe?.
                Joan set them a laughing, she pleased them all, how?

            References

            • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 90

            Zhuang

            Etymology

            From Proto-Tai *koːtᴰ (“to hug; to embrace”). Cognate with Thai กอด (gɔ̀ɔt), Lao ກອດ (kǭt), Shan ၵွတ်ႇ (kàut).

            Pronunciation

            Verb

            got (1957–1982 spelling got)

            1. to hug; to embrace.
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