fruma

Gothic

Romanization

fruma

  1. romanization of 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈfrʏːma]
    Rhymes: -ʏːma

Noun

fruma f (genitive singular frumu, nominative plural frumur)

  1. (biology) a cell

Declension

Declension of fruma (feminine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative fruma fruman frumur frumurnar
accusative frumu frumuna frumur frumurnar
dative frumu frumunni frumum frumunum
genitive frumu frumunnar frumna, fruma frumnanna, frumanna

Derived terms

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *frumô, from the stem *fur-, *fr- (Old English for, for-) + the rarer comparative suffix *-umô. Cognate with Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (fruma), Latin prīmus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈfru.mɑ/
  • Rhymes: -u.mɑ

Noun

fruma m (nominative plural fruman)

  1. beginning, origin
    • Beowulf
      wæs se fruma egeslíc / léodum on lande (...)
      This beginning was terrible for the landfolk (...)
    • c. 800–900 CE, George Herzfeld, Ph.D., ed. and transl., An Old English Martyrology (Early English Text Society original series 116), London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd., published 1900, page 12:
      On þone eahteðan ġeohheldæg bið þǣs mōnðes fruma þe mon nemneð Ianuarius, þæt is on ūre ġeþēode sē æftera geola.
      On the eight day after Christmas there is the beginning of the month known [in Latin] as Januarius, which is in our atheed the After-Yule.
  2. prince, king, chief, ruler; often used in compounds
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:þeoden
    • Beowulf
      wine Scyldinga / léof landfruma lange áhte
      friend of the Scyldings / beloved landruler [who] long owned [it]
      Ðá wæs gyldenhilt gamelum rince / hárum hildfruman on hand gyfen / enta aérgeweorc
      Then the goldenhilt, an ancient work of giants, was given into the hands of the old king, the grey-haired battleleader
  3. originator, inventor, creator

Declension

Weak:

singular plural
nominative fruma fruman
accusative fruman fruman
genitive fruman frumena
dative fruman frumum

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Middle English: frume, frome

Old High German

Alternative forms

  • froma

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *frumô.

Noun

fruma f

  1. benefit
    1. profit, success
    2. help, support
    3. salvation, happiness
    4. the good, also ethically and morally
    5. good qualities, excellence
    6. property, possessions
    7. fruit, crop, produce

Declension

Declension of fruma (ō-stem)
case singular plural
nominative fruma frumā
accusative fruma frumā
genitive fruma frumōno
dative frumu frumōm

Derived terms

  • frumafol
  • frumahaft
  • frumalīh
  • frumareht
  • frumasam
  • frumaskaft
  • frumawerk
  • frumisk
  • frumagift
  • frumakīdi
  • frumamurwi
  • frumanaht
  • frumarīfi
  • frumida
  • frummen
  • frumo
  • frumāri
  • frumīg

Descendants

References

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