flos

See also: Flos

Latin

Flōrēs lūteī ― Yellow flowers

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *bʰléh₃s
Proto-Italic *flōs
Latin flōs

    A root noun interpreted as an s-stem noun, from Proto-Italic *flōs, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-s (“flower, blossom”), from *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”).[1] Cognates include Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon), Gothic 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌼𐌰 (blōma) and Old English blōstm, blæd (“leaf”) (English blossom, blade).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    flōs m (genitive flōris); third declension

    1. flower, blossom
      • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 3.253–254:
        ferte deae flōrēs: gaudet flōrentibus herbīs haec dea
        Bring flowers for the goddess; this goddess takes pleasure in flowering plants.
      • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.109–111:
        Invitent croceis [apes] halantes floribus horti
        Et custos furum atque avium cum falce saligna
        Hellespontiaci servet tutela Priapi.
        May gardens bright, fragrant with flower, lure them [the bees] and Hellespontian Priap with his willow scythe the robbing bee and the birds keep away.
    2. (figuratively) the best kind or part of something
    3. (figuratively) the prime; best state of things
    4. (figuratively) an ornament or embellishment

    Declension

    Third-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative flōs flōrēs
    genitive flōris flōrum
    dative flōrī flōribus
    accusative flōrem flōrēs
    ablative flōre flōribus
    vocative flōs flōrēs

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Insular Romance:
      • Sardinian: frore, fiore
    • Balkano-Romance:
    • Italo-Dalmatian:
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
    • Gallo-Italic:
    • Northern Gallo-Romance:
      • Franco-Provençal: fllor
      • Old French: flor (see there for further descendants)
    • Southern Gallo-Romance:
    • Ibero-Romance:
      • Aragonese: flor
      • Old Galician-Portuguese: *chor, fror, >? frol (see there for further descendants)
      • Old Leonese:
    • Semi-learned: (or unusual retention of /fl/)
      • Ibero-Romance:
        • Old Galician-Portuguese: flor (see there for further descendants)
        • Old Leonese:
        • Old Spanish: flor
    • Borrowings:
      • → Basque: lore
      • → Berber: (“flower”)
        • Tachawit: taflurt
        • Tuareg: fələr
      • → Esperanto: floro
      • → Interlingua: flor
      • → Translingual: Flos
      • → Volapük: flor
      • ⇒ Middle High German: vlōr
        • German: Flor (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “flōs, -ōris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 227-228

    Further reading

    • “flos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “flos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "flos", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “flos”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • the prime of youthful vigour: flos aetatis
      • the perfume exhaled by flowers: odores, qui efflantur e floribus
      • (ambiguous) flowers of rhetoric; embellishments of style: lumina, flores dicendi (De Or. 3. 25. 96)
      • (ambiguous) a glorious expanse of flowers: laetissimi flores (Verr. 4. 48. 107)

    Swedish

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Arabic فلوس (fulūs, “money”).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /fluːs/

    Noun

    flos ?

    1. (slang) money

    References

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