eigentlich

German

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Middle High German eigenlīche, equivalent to eigen +‎ -lich. Compare Dutch eigenlijk.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈaɪ̯ɡəntlɪç/, [ˈʔaɪ̯ɡ(ə)ntlɪç], [ˈʔaɪ̯(ɡ)ŋ̍tlɪç]
    • (often) IPA(key): /ˈaɪ̯ŋ(k)lɪç/, /ˈaɪ̯ntlɪç/, /ˈaɪ̯ŋɪç/
    • (very rapid speech) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ(ɪ)ç/
  • Audio (Germany (Berlin)):(file)
  • Audio (Germany (Berlin)):(file)

Adverb

eigentlich

  1. Used to frame a statement as being a more (formally) truthful description of the situation in comparison to another claim or assumption
    1. really, actually, in truth (with that description being the more pertinent one)
      Das wird zwar oft behauptet, aber das stimmt eigentlich gar nicht.
      People often claim that, but that's actually wrong.
    2. technically, strictly speaking, officially (with that description being secondary to some de-facto practice)
      Eigentlich ist das verboten, aber es wird nicht durchgesetzt.
      Technically this is illegal, but it's not enforced.
  2. Used to introduce a question primarily driven by curiosity that might only be loosely if at all connected to the previous topic
    Hast du eigentlich Geschwister? ― [I was wondering,] do you have any siblings?

Usage notes

  • The sense of "technically" primarily occurs in the context of rules, expectations and other normative statements, typically in combination with an explicitly contrasting statement.

Adjective

eigentlich (strong nominative masculine singular eigentlicher, comparative eigentlicher, superlative am eigentlichsten)

  1. actual, real, proper (as opposed to something secondary serving as a distraction or impostor)
    Synonyms: tatsächlich, ursprünglich
    Das eigentliche Problem ist doch, dass wir dazu gar nicht in der Lage sind.
    The actual problem is that we don't even have the capabilities for that.

Declension

Further reading