Phobos

See also: phobos

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Φόβος (Phóbos, “Fear”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfoʊbəs/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Proper noun

Phobos

1. (Greek mythology) A son of Ares (Mars). Also the Greek god of fear.
2. (astronomy) The innermost natural satellite of Mars.

Derived terms

• Phobian
• Phobosian

Translations

mythology

• Afrikaans: Phobos
• Arabic: فوبوس m
• Armenian: Փոբոս (hy) (Pʻobos)
• Basque: Fobos (eu)
• Bulgarian: Фобос m (Fobos)
• Catalan: Fobos
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 福波斯 (Fúbōsī)

• Czech: Fobos m anim
• Dutch: Phobos (nl) m
• Esperanto: Fobo
• Finnish: Fobos
• French: Phobos (fr) m
• German: Phobos (de) m
• Greek: Φόβος (el) m (Fóvos)

  Ancient Greek: Φόβος m (Phóbos)

• Hungarian: Phobosz
• Italian: Fobos m, Fobo m
• Japanese: ポボス (ja) (Pobosu)
• Korean: 포보스 (Poboseu)
• Lao: ໂພໂບສ (phō bōs)
• Lithuanian: Fobas m
• Marathi: फोबोस m (phobos)
• Polish: Fobos (pl) m
• Portuguese: Fobos (pt) m
• Russian: Фо́бос (ru) m (Fóbos)
• Slovene: Fobos m
• Spanish: Fobos (es) m
• Swedish: Phobos (sv)
• Thai: โฟบอส (foo-bɔ́ɔs)
• Turkish: Phobos (tr)
• Ukrainian: Фоб m (Fob)
• Uzbek: Fobos

moon of Mars

• Afrikaans: Phobos
• Albanian: Fobosi
• Armenian: Ֆոբոս (Fobos)
• Azerbaijani: Fobos
• Bulgarian: Фобос m (Fobos)
• Catalan: Fobos
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 火衛一 / 火卫一 (zh) (Huǒwèiyī)

• Czech: Phobos m inan
• Dutch: Phobos (nl) m
• Faroese: Fobos m
• Finnish: Phobos (fi)
• French: Phobos (fr)
• Georgian: ფობოსი m (pobosi)
• German: Phobos (de) m
• Greek: Φόβος (el) m (Fóvos)
• Hindi: फोबोस m (phobos)
• Hungarian: Phobosz
• Italian: Fobos m
• Japanese: フォボス (ja) (Fobosu)
• Kazakh: Фобос (Fobos)
• Lao: ໂພໂບສ (phō bōs)
• Marathi: फोबोस m (phobos)
• Polish: Fobos (pl) m
• Portuguese: Fobos (pt)
• Russian: Фо́бос (ru) m (Fóbos)
• Spanish: Fobos (es)
• Thai: โฟบอส (foo-bɔ́ɔs)
• Turkish: Phobos (tr)

See also

• Deimos

Solar System in English · Solar System (layout · text)
Star	Sun
IAU planets and notable dwarf planets	Mercury	Venus	Earth	Mars	Ceres	Jupiter	Saturn	Uranus	Neptune	Pluto	Eris
Notable moons	—	—	Moon	Phobos Deimos	—	Io Europa Ganymede Callisto	Mimas Enceladus Tethys Dione Rhea Titan Iapetus	Miranda Ariel Umbriel Titania Oberon	Triton	Charon	Dysnomia

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch Phobos.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: Pho‧bos

Proper noun

Phobos

1. (astronomy) Phobos
2. (Greek mythology) Phobos

Czech

Phobos

Etymology

Borrowed from English Phobos, Ancient Greek Φόβος (Phóbos, “mythological personification of fear”), from φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈfobos]
• Hyphenation: Pho‧bos
• Homophone: Fobos

Proper noun

Phobos m inan

2. (astronomy) Phobos, the bigger of the two natural satellites of Mars [since 19th c.]
   • 2005, Zdeněk Pokorný, Planety, Praha: Aventinum, →ISBN, page 92:

     […] Phobos obíhá ve vzdálenosti necelých 6000 kilometrů od povrchu planety.

     […] Phobos orbits in the distance of less than 6000 kilometres from the planet's surface.

   • 2008, Jiří T. Pelech, Prvorození‎^[1], Praha: Baronet, →ISBN, page 221, translation of Firstborn by Athur C. Clarke and Stephen Baxter:

     Mám sekundární soustavy na povrchu a na oběžné dráze. Ta největší je rozmístěna na několika stanicích na měsících Phobu a Deimu, pokud jsou vzájemně viditelné, dá se získat velmi dobrá dlouhá základna…

     I have secondary arrays on the surface and in orbit. The most impressive is based on a couple of stations on the moons, Phobos and Deimos; when they are in line of sight of each other you get a good long baseline…

Declension

Declension of Phobos (sg-only hard masculine inanimate foreign)

	singular
nominative	Phobos
genitive	Phobosu, Phobu
dative	Phobosu, Phobu
accusative	Phobos
vocative	Phobose, Phobe
locative	Phobosu, Phobu
instrumental	Phobosem, Phobem

Alternative forms

• Fobos

See also

Solar System in Czech · sluneční soustava (layout · text)
Star	Slunce
IAU planets and notable dwarf planets	Merkur	Venuše	Země	Mars	Ceres	Jupiter	Saturn	Uran	Neptun	Pluto	Eris
Notable moons	—	—	Měsíc	Phobos/Fobos Deimos	—	Io Europa Ganymed Callisto	Mimas Enceladus Tethys Dione Rhea Titan Iapetus	Miranda Ariel Umbriel Titania Oberon	Triton	Charon	Dysnomia

Further reading

• “Phobos”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)

Finnish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfo(ː)bos/, [ˈfo̞(ː)bo̞s̠]
• Rhymes: -obos
• Syllabification^(key): Pho‧bos
• Hyphenation^(key): Pho‧bos

Proper noun

Phobos

1. Phobos (moon of Mars)

Declension

Inflection of Phobos (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		Phobos	—
genitive		Phoboksen	—
partitive		Phobosta	—
illative		Phobokseen	—
		singular	plural
nominative		Phobos	—
accusative	nom.	Phobos	—
	gen.	Phoboksen
genitive		Phoboksen	—
partitive		Phobosta	—
inessive		Phoboksessa	—
elative		Phoboksesta	—
illative		Phobokseen	—
adessive		Phoboksella	—
ablative		Phobokselta	—
allative		Phobokselle	—
essive		Phoboksena	—
translative		Phobokseksi	—
abessive		Phoboksetta	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of Phobos (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Phobokseni — accusative nom. Phobokseni — gen. Phobokseni genitive Phobokseni — partitive Phobostani — inessive Phoboksessani — elative Phoboksestani — illative Phobokseeni — adessive Phoboksellani — ablative Phobokseltani — allative Phobokselleni — essive Phoboksenani — translative Phoboksekseni — abessive Phoboksettani — instructive — — comitative — — second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Phoboksesi — accusative nom. Phoboksesi — gen. Phoboksesi genitive Phoboksesi — partitive Phobostasi — inessive Phoboksessasi — elative Phoboksestasi — illative Phobokseesi — adessive Phoboksellasi — ablative Phobokseltasi — allative Phoboksellesi — essive Phoboksenasi — translative Phobokseksesi — abessive Phoboksettasi — instructive — — comitative — — first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Phoboksemme — accusative nom. Phoboksemme — gen. Phoboksemme genitive Phoboksemme — partitive Phobostamme — inessive Phoboksessamme — elative Phoboksestamme — illative Phobokseemme — adessive Phoboksellamme — ablative Phobokseltamme — allative Phoboksellemme — essive Phoboksenamme — translative Phobokseksemme — abessive Phoboksettamme — instructive — — comitative — — second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Phoboksenne — accusative nom. Phoboksenne — gen. Phoboksenne genitive Phoboksenne — partitive Phobostanne — inessive Phoboksessanne — elative Phoboksestanne — illative Phobokseenne — adessive Phoboksellanne — ablative Phobokseltanne — allative Phoboksellenne — essive Phoboksenanne — translative Phobokseksenne — abessive Phoboksettanne — instructive — — comitative — — third-person possessor singular plural nominative Phoboksensa — accusative nom. Phoboksensa — gen. Phoboksensa genitive Phoboksensa — partitive Phobostaan Phobostansa — inessive Phoboksessaan Phoboksessansa — elative Phoboksestaan Phoboksestansa — illative Phobokseensa — adessive Phoboksellaan Phoboksellansa — ablative Phobokseltaan Phobokseltansa — allative Phobokselleen Phoboksellensa — essive Phoboksenaan Phoboksenansa — translative Phoboksekseen Phobokseksensa — abessive Phoboksettaan Phoboksettansa — instructive — — comitative — —

Italian

Alternative forms

• Fobo (mythology)

Etymology

Borrowed from English Phobos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔ.bos/
• Homophone: Fobos
• Rhymes: -ɔbos
• Hyphenation: Phò‧bos

Proper noun

Phobos m

1. (astronomy) alternative form of Fobos (“Phobos (natural satellite)”)
2. (mythology, Greek mythology) alternative form of Fobos (“Phobos (god of fear, a son of the god Ares)”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Phobos imaged by Mars Express during a close flyby in 2018, with the large Stickney crater prominent.

Etymology

Internationalism, borrowed from Ancient Greek Φόβος (Phóbos, “Phobos, personification of fear”), from Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos, “panic flight; fear”), from Proto-Hellenic Proto-Hellenic *pʰógʷos, from Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-European *bʰógʷos, from *bʰegʷ- (“to run, flee”).

The astronomical name commemorates the mythological Fobos, the personification of fear and a companion of Ares; in Hesiod, he is a son of Ares and Aphrodite and the brother of Deimos. The moon was discovered by Asaph Hall in August 1877. The names of Mars's two moons were suggested by the British scholar Henry George Madan, drawing on the attendants of Ares in Homer's Iliad, and adopted by Hall.

Parallel international astronomical forms include Danish Phobos, Swedish Phobos, German Phobos, Dutch Phobos, Finnish Phobos, French Phobos, Czech Phobos and English Phobos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfuː.bɔs/
• Rhymes: -uːbɔs
• Homophone: Fobos
• Hyphenation: Pho‧bos

Proper noun

Phobos

1. (astronomy) Phobos; the larger and innermost of the two moons of Mars

   Phobos går så raskt i bane rundt Mars at den står opp i vest og går ned i øst. ― Phobos orbits Mars so quickly that it rises in the west and sets in the east.

   • 2011 October 30, Erik Tandberg, “Russisk sonde vil myklande på Mars-måne”, in Aftenposten:

     Den innerste og største av Mars´ to måner.

     The innermost and largest of Mars's two moons.

Usage notes

• In Norwegian, Phobos is the astronomical name of Mars's moon. The mythological figure after whom it is named is normally called Fobos.

Related terms

• fobi (“phobia”)
• -fob (“-phobe; person having a fear or aversion”)

See also

• Fobos (“personification of fear in Greek mythology; namesake of Phobos”)
• Deimos (“outer and smaller moon of Mars”)

Solar System in Norwegian Bokmål · solsystemet (layout · text)
Star	sola ~ solen
IAU planets and notable dwarf planets	Merkur	Venus	jorda ~ jorden (Tellus)	Mars	Ceres	Jupiter	Saturn	Uranus	Neptun	Pluto	Eris
Notable moons	—	—	månen	Phobos Deimos	—	Io Europa Ganymedes Callisto	Mimas Enceladus Tethys Dione Rhea Titan Iapetus	Miranda Ariel Umbriel Titania Oberon	Triton	Charon	Dysnomia

References

• “Phobos – måne”, Store norske leksikon

Turkish

Proper noun

Phobos

1. (astronomy) Phobos
2. (Greek mythology) alternative form of Fobos

Welsh

Etymology

Borrowed from English Phobos, from Ancient Greek Φόβος (Phóbos).

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔbɔs/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈfoːbɔs/, /ˈfɔbɔs/

Proper noun

Phobos m (not mutable)

1. (Roman mythology, Greek Mythology) Phobos (son of Mars/Ares)
2. (astronomy) Phobos (a moon of Mars)

See also

Solar System in Welsh · Cysawd yr Haul (layout · text)
Star	yr Haul
IAU planets and notable dwarf planets	Mercher	Gwener	y Ddaear	Mawrth	Ceres	Iau	Sadwrn	Wranws	Neifion	Plwton	Eris
Notable moons	—	—	y Lleuad	Phobos Deimos	—	Io Ewropa Ganymede Callisto	Mimas Enceladws Tethys Dione Rhea Titan Iapetws	Miranda Ariel Umbriel Titania Oberon	Triton	Charon	Dysnomia