Vienna

"Wien" redirects here. Not to be confused with Vienne. For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation) and Wien (disambiguation).

Vienna Wien (German) Wean (Bavarian)
Capital city, state and municipality
Skyline of Vienna Schönbrunn Palace Stephansdom State Opera City Hall Neue Hofburg Karlskirche Upper Belvedere
Flag Seal Coat of arms Logo
Interactive map of Vienna
Vienna Location within Austria Vienna Location within Europe
Coordinates: 48°12′30″N 16°22′21″E
Country	Austria
State	Vienna
Government
• Body	State and Municipality
• Mayor and Governor	Michael Ludwig (SPÖ)
Area
• Total	414.78 km2 (160.15 sq mi)
• Land	395.25 km2 (152.61 sq mi)
• Water	19.39 km2 (7.49 sq mi)
Elevation	151–542 m (495–1,778 ft)
Population  (2025)
• Total	2,028,499
• Rank	10th in Europe 1st in Austria
• Density	4,890.5/km2 (12,666/sq mi)
• Urban	2,223,236 ("Kernzone")
• Metro	2,890,577
• Ethnicity	48.7% Austrian 51.3% other
Demonyms	German: Wiener (m), Wienerin (f) Viennese
GDP
• Total	€124.868 billion (2024)
• Per capita	€61,572 (2024)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal code	1xx0 (xx = district number) 1300 (airport) 1400 (United Nations) other 1yyy (postal boxes)
ISO 3166 code	AT-9
Vehicle registration	W
Vehicle registration	W
HDI (2022)	0.948 very high · 1st of 9
Seats in the Federal Council	10 / 60
GeoTLD	.wien
Website	wien.gv.at (in German)
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Official name	Historic Centre of Vienna
Type	Cultural
Criteria	ii, iv, vi
Designated	2001 (25th session)
Reference no.	1033
Area	371 ha
UNESCO Region	Europe and North America
Endangered	2017 (2017)–2026 (2026)

Vienna (/viˈɛnə/ ^ⓘ vee-EN-ə; German: Wien [viːn] ^ⓘ; Austro-Bavarian: Wean [veɐ̯n]) is the capital, most populous city, and one of the nine states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. Its larger metropolitan area has a population of nearly 2.9 million, representing nearly one-third of the country's population. Vienna is the cultural, economic, and political centre of the country, the fifth-largest city by population in the European Union, and the most populous of the cities on the river Danube.

The city lies on the eastern edge of the Vienna Woods (Wienerwald), the northeasternmost foothills of the Alps, that separate Vienna from the more western parts of Austria, at the transition to the Pannonian Basin. It sits on the Danube, and is traversed by the highly regulated Wienfluss (Vienna River). Vienna is completely surrounded by Lower Austria, and lies around 50 km (31 mi) west of Slovakia and its capital Bratislava, 50 km (31 mi) northwest of Hungary, and 60 km (37 mi) south of Moravia (Czech Republic).

The Romans founded a castrum at Vienna, which they called Vindobona, in the 1st century, when the region belonged to the province of Pannonia. It was elevated to a municipium with Roman city rights in 212. This was followed by a time in the sphere of influence of the Lombards and later the Pannonian Avars, when Slavs formed the majority of the region's population. From the 8th century on, the region was settled by the Baiuvarii. In 1155, Vienna became the seat of the Babenbergs, who ruled Austria from 976 to 1246. In 1221, Vienna was granted city rights. During the 16th century, the Habsburgs, who had succeeded the Babenbergs, established Vienna as the seat of the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, a position it held until the empire's dissolution in 1806, with only a brief interruption. With the formation of the Austrian Empire in 1804, Vienna became the capital of it and all its successor states.

Throughout the modern era, Vienna has been among the largest German-speaking cities in the world. It was the largest in the 18th and 19th centuries, peaking at two million inhabitants before it was overtaken by Berlin at the beginning of the 20th century. Vienna is host to many major international organizations, including the United Nations, OPEC and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. In 2001, the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was listed as endangered from July 2017 to July 2026.

Vienna is renowned for its rich musical heritage, having been home to many celebrated classical composers, including Ludwig van Beethoven, Johannes Brahms, Anton Bruckner, Joseph Haydn, Gustav Mahler, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Arnold Schoenberg, Franz Schubert, Johann Strauss I, and Johann Strauss II. It played a pivotal role as a leading European music centre, from the age of Viennese Classicism through the early part of the 20th century. The city was home to the world's first psychoanalyst, Sigmund Freud. The historic centre of Vienna is rich in architectural ensembles, including Baroque palaces and gardens, and the late-19th-century Ringstrasse, which is lined with grand buildings, monuments and parks.