Romanian Orthodox Church

Romanian Orthodox Church
; Romanian Orthodox Church
Biserica Ortodoxă Română
	National Cathedral of Romania in Bucharest
Abbreviation	ROC (in English); BOR (in Romanian)
Type	Autocephaly
Classification	Christian
Orientation	Eastern Orthodox
Scripture	Septuagint; New Testament;
Theology	Eastern Orthodox theology
Polity	Episcopal
Primate	Daniel, Patriarch of All Romania
Bishops	58
Priests	15,068
Distinct fellowships	Ukrainian Orthodox Vicariate; Army of the Lord
Parishes	15,717
Monastics	2,810 men, and 4,795 women
Monasteries	359
Associations	Eastern Orthodox Church; World Council of Churches
Language	Romanian
Liturgy	Byzantine Rite
Headquarters	Dealul Mitropoliei, Bucharest
Territory	Romania; Moldova
Possessions	List of possessions Serbia;; Hungary;; Ukraine;; Western and Southern Europe;; Central and Northern Europe;; Americas;; Australia, New Zealand and Japan
Founder	List of founders (according to tradition); Andrew the Apostle; (as Metropolis of Wallachia); Iachint of Vicina, Nicholas Alexander; (as Metropolis of Moldavia); Iosif Mușat, Alexander the Good; (as Metropolis of Romania); Nifon Rusailă, Carol I; (as Patriarchate of Romania); Miron Cristea, Ferdinand I
Independence	1865
Recognition	25 April 1885 (Metropolis); 1925 (Patriarchate)
Separated from	Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
Merger of	Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia; Metropolis of Moldavia (1872)
Absorbed	Romanian Greek Catholic Church (1948)
Separations	Old Calendarist Romanian Orthodox Church (1925); Evangelical Church of Romania (1927); Romanian Greek Catholic Church (1990)
Members	16–19 million
Publications	Ziarul Lumina
Official website	patriarhia.ro

The Romanian Orthodox Church (ROC; Romanian: Biserica Ortodoxă Română, BOR), or Romanian Patriarchate, is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in full communion with the other Eastern Orthodox churches and is one of the nine patriarchates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Since 1925, the church's primate has borne the title of patriarch. Its jurisdiction covers the territories of Romania and Moldova, with additional dioceses for Romanians living in nearby Ukraine, Serbia and Hungary, as well as for diaspora communities in Central and Western Europe, North America and Oceania. It is the only autocephalous church within Eastern Orthodoxy to have a Romance language for liturgical use.

According to the 2021 Romanian census, 14,025,064 people (73.42% of the population) declared affiliation with the Romanian Orthodox Church, a figure that the church cites as its official membership in Romania. Additionally, four million Romanian Orthodox believers live abroad, particularly in Western Europe. In 2020, the World Christian Database, the online version of the World Christian Encyclopedia, published by Edinburgh University Press, reported 16 million members of the church.

Members of the ROC sometimes refer to Orthodox Christian doctrine as Dreapta credință ("right/correct belief" or "true faith"; compare to Greek ὀρθὴ δόξα, "straight/correct belief").