1-Butanol

1-Butanol
Skeletal formula of n-butanol	Spacefill model of n-butanol
	Skeletal formula of n-butanol with all explicit hydrogens added
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Butan-1-ol
	Other names n-Butanol; n-Butyl alcohol; n-Butyl hydroxide; n-Propylcarbinol; n-Propylmethanol; 1-Hydroxybutane; Methylolpropane
Identifiers
CAS Number	71-36-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Abbreviations	BuOH; n-BuOH; nBuOH; nBuOH
Beilstein Reference	969148
ChEBI	CHEBI:28885 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL14245 ;
ChemSpider	258 ;
DrugBank	DB02145 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.683
EC Number	200-751-6;
Gmelin Reference	25753
KEGG	D03200 ;
MeSH	1-Butanol
PubChem CID	263;
RTECS number	EO1400000;
UNII	8PJ61P6TS3 ;
UN number	1120
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1021740 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3 Key: LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C4H10O/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3;
	SMILES OCCCC;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H10O
Molar mass	74.123 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colourless, refractive liquid
Odor	banana-like, harsh, alcoholic and sweet
Density	0.81 g/cm3
Melting point	−89.8 °C (−129.6 °F; 183.3 K)
Boiling point	117.7 °C (243.9 °F; 390.8 K)
Solubility in water	73 g/L at 25 °C
Solubility	very soluble in acetone ; miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether
log P	0.839
Vapor pressure	0.58 kPa (20 °C) ILO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC)
Acidity (pKa)	16.10
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−56.536·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3993 (20 °C)
Viscosity	2.573 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment	1.66 D
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	225.7 J/(K·mol)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−328(4) kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−2670(20) kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Hazard statements	H226, H302, H315, H318, H335, H336
Precautionary statements	P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 3 0
Flash point	35 °C (95 °F; 308 K)
Autoignition; temperature	343 °C (649 °F; 616 K)
Explosive limits	1.45–11.25%
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	790 mg/kg (rat, oral)
LDLo (lowest published)	3484 mg/kg (rabbit, oral); 790 mg/kg (rat, oral); 1700 mg/kg (dog, oral)
LC50 (median concentration)	9221 ppm (mammal); 8000 ppm (rat, 4 h)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)	C 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) [skin]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	1400 ppm
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0111
Related compounds
Related compounds	Butanethiol; n-Butylamine; Diethyl ether; Pentane
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

1-Butanol, also known as butan-1-ol or n-butanol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C₄H₁₀O, C₄H₉OH or CH₃(CH₂)₃OH and a linear structure. Isomers of 1-butanol are isobutanol, butan-2-ol and tert-butanol. The unmodified term butanol usually refers to the straight chain isomer.

1-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the ethanol fermentation of sugars and other saccharides and is present in many foods and drinks. It is also a permitted artificial flavorant in the United States, used in butter, cream, fruit, rum, whiskey, ice cream and ices, candy, baked goods, and cordials. It is also used in a wide range of consumer products.

The largest use of 1-butanol is as an industrial intermediate, particularly for the manufacture of butyl acetate (itself an artificial flavorant and industrial solvent). It is a petrochemical derived from propylene. Estimated production figures for 1997 are: United States 784,000 tonnes; Western Europe 575,000 tonnes; Japan 225,000 tonnes.