Mandatory Iraq

Kingdom of Iraq under British administration
الانتداب البريطاني على العراق (Arabic)
Kingdom of Iraq under British administration الانتداب البريطاني على العراق (Arabic)
1920–1932
	Flag; (1921–1924); Flag; (1924–1932) Coat of arms; (1931–1932)
	Anthem: (1924–1932); السلام الملكي; As-Salam al-Malaki; "The Royal Salute";
	Union Flag;
Status	Class A League of Nations mandate of the United Kingdom
Capital and largest city	Baghdad
Common languages	Arabic · Kurdish; Armenian · Neo-Aramaic
Religion	Islam · Christianity; Judaism · Yazidism; Mandaeism
Demonym	Iraqi
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
High Commissioner
• 1921–1923	Percy Cox
• 1923–1929	Henry Dobbs
• 1929–1932	Francis Humphrys
King
• 1921–1932	Faisal I
Prime Minister
• 1920–1922 (first)	Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani
• 1930–1932 (last)	Nuri al-Said
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper Chamber	Senate
• Lower Chamber	Chamber of Deputies
Historical era	Interwar period
• San Remo conference	25 April 1920
• Treaty of Sèvres	10 August 1920
• Coronation of Faisal I	23 August 1921
• Treaty of Lausanne	24 July 1923
• Treaty of Ankara	5 June 1926
• Anglo-Iraqi Treaty	30 June 1930
• Independence	3 October 1932
Currency	Indian rupee
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Ottoman Iraq
Neutral territory zone
Kingdom of Iraq
Today part of	Iraq; Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration, or Mandatory Iraq (Arabic: الانتداب البريطاني على العراق, romanized: al-Intidāb al-Brīṭānī ʿalā l-ʿIrāq), was created in 1921 after the 1920 Iraqi Revolt against the proposed British Mandate of Mesopotamia and was enacted via the 1922 Anglo-Iraqi Treaty and a 1924 undertaking by the United Kingdom to the League of Nations to fulfil the role as mandatory power.

Faisal ibn Husayn, who had been proclaimed King of Syria by the Syrian National Congress in Damascus in March 1920, was ejected by the French in July of the same year. Faisal was then granted by the British the territory of Iraq to rule it as a kingdom, with the British Royal Air Force (RAF) retaining certain military control, but de facto, the territory remained under British administration until 1932.

The civil government of postwar Iraq was headed originally by High Commissioner Sir Percy Cox, and his deputy, Colonel Arnold Wilson. British reprisals after the capture and killing of a British officer in Najaf failed to restore order. The British occupiers faced the growing strength of the nationalists, who continued to resist against the British authority. British administration had yet to be established in northern Iraq.

Although often thought to have been invented by the British after the First World War, Iraq had long existed as a distinct region under the Ottoman Empire, encompassing the provinces of Mosul, Baghdad and Basra and officially referred to as the 'Iraq Region'.