Cossack raids

Cossack raids
	Part of the Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe and Cossack naval campaigns
	; Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks by Ilya Repin
Date	c. 1492 – 1774 (282 years)
Location	Crimea, Anatolia, Caucasus, lower Dnieper, west Don region, east Danube
Belligerents
Zaporozhian Cossacks; Don Cossacks Supported by: Russia (From 1547) Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721); Russian Empire (1721–1774); Cossack Hetmanate; Kalmyk Khanate; Moldavian opposition; Kingdom of Poland;	Ottoman Empire; Crimean Khanate; Nogai Horde Supported by: Pro-Ottoman Cossacks; Moldavia; Wallachia;
Commanders and leaders
Notable figures: Bohdan Glynsky; Ostap Dashkevych; Dmytro Vyshnevetsky ; Mykhailo Vyshnevetsky; Samiylo Kishka (POW); Bohdan Ruzhynsky; Mykhailo Ruzhynsky; Ivan Pidkova; Yakiv Shah; Zakhar Kulaga †; Severyn Nalyvaiko; Hryhoriy Loboda; Jan Oryszowski; Semen Skalozub †; Hryhoriy Izapovych; Petro Sahaidachny; Mykhailo Doroshenko †; Hryhoriy Chornyi; Yakiv Borodavka-Neroda; Taras Fedorovych; Ivan Sulyma; Ivan Sirko; Bohdan Khmelnytsky; Mykhailo Khanenko; Ataman Dergun; Ivan Gladkiy; Ivan Zhdan-Rih; Semyon Paliy; Stefan Kunicki ; Mikhail Cherkashenin; Ivan Katorzhnyi; Mikhail Tatarinov; Naum Vasiliev; Osip Petrov; Yasaul F. Poroshin; Ivan Bogatyi; Pavel Chesnochikhin; Stenka Razin; Frol Minaev ;	Notable figures: Murad III; Ahmed I; Nasuh Pasha; Chikala Pasha; Alkan-Pasha †; Ibrahim Pasha †; Hasan Pasha (POW); Ali-Pasha (POW); Mustafa I; Murad IV; Damat Halil Pasha; Topal Recep Pasha; Kskenash Pasha; Kapudan Pasha; Deli Hüseyin Pasha; F. Cantacuzene ; Mehmed IV; Melek Ahmed Pasha; Pasha of Silistra; Kara Mustafa Pasha; Kara-Muhammad; Meñli I Giray; Saadet I Giray; Devlet I Giray; Murza Perekopský ; Ğazı II Giray; Feti-Giray; Buhar Kantymirowie; Bahadır I Giray †; Mehmed IV Giray; Adil Giray; Nurredin-Sultan; Murad Giray; Karach Bey †; Murza Karabcha; Shirin Bey; Chimasov (POW); Y. Atamesh (POW); A.G Saltan (AWOL); Selim I Giray; Khan Temir (WIA) ; и Murza Yanmamet (AWOL); Murza Tenmambet (POW) ;

The Cossack raids were a series of military offensives conducted by the Cossacks (the Zaporozhian Cossacks of southern Ukraine and the Don Cossacks of southern Russia) between 1441 and 1774. Primarily occurring in the Crimean Khanate, the Nogai Horde, and the Ottoman Empire, the raids developed as a reaction to the Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe. Typical actions during these raids involved freeing enslaved Christians, plundering local settlements, and capturing Muslims for enslavement. Unlike the Tatars, Cossacks, because of their access to cannons, were capable threatening fortified positions. Though difficult to calculate, the level of devastation caused by the Cossack raids is estimated to have been on par with that of the Crimean–Nogai slave raids.