truncus

English

A mathematical graph of the basic truncus formula, marked in blue, with domain and range both restricted to [5, 5].

Etymology

From Latin truncus. Doublet of tronk and trunk.

Pronunciation

  • Audio (US):(file)

Noun

truncus (plural trunci)

  1. (biology) The thorax of an insect.
  2. (medicine) The trunk (torso) of the human body or other animal body.
  3. (medicine) An arterial trunk, such as the truncus arteriosus.
  4. (geometry) A curve in the Cartesian plane consisting of all points (x,y) satisfying an equation of the form f(x)=a(x+b)2+c where a, b, and c are given constants.

Derived terms

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

    Unknown origin,[1] but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *twerḱ- (“to cut”). Cognate with Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx), Old Irish tru, troich (“fated to die”) and Latin trux[2][3] and Proto-Slavic *strǫkъ.

    Pronunciation

    Adjective

    truncus (feminine trunca, neuter truncum); first/second-declension adjective

    1. lopped, docked; with something having been cut off
      • c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Historiae 1.41:
        Ceteri crura brachiaque (nam pectus tegebatur) foede laniavere; pleraque vulnera feritate et saevitia trunco iam corpori adiecta.
        The rest foully tore apart his legs and arms (for his chest was covered); a great many wounds were put upon his body with fierceness and savagery, [even] after his head had been cut off.

        Note that the truncus being referred to here is one that happens in the sentence before this quote (where Galba's throat is slit), hence the specification in the translation of his head.
    2. maimed, mangled, mutilated

    Declension

    First/second-declension adjective.

    singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative truncus trunca truncum truncī truncae trunca
    genitive truncī truncae truncī truncōrum truncārum truncōrum
    dative truncō truncae truncō truncīs
    accusative truncum truncam truncum truncōs truncās trunca
    ablative truncō truncā truncō truncīs
    vocative trunce trunca truncum truncī truncae trunca

    Descendants

    • Italian: tronco
    • Spanish: trunco

    Noun

    truncus m (genitive truncī); second declension

    1. tree trunk
    2. a piece cut off
    3. (figuratively, derogatory) blockhead, dunce, dolt
      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:homo stultus
    4. (New Latin, biology) the thorax of an insect
    5. (New Latin, medicine) trunk, torso
    6. (New Latin, medicine) an arterial trunk, such as the truncus arteriosus

    Declension

    Second-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative truncus truncī
    genitive truncī truncōrum
    dative truncō truncīs
    accusative truncum truncōs
    ablative truncō truncīs
    vocative trunce truncī

    Synonyms

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    • “truncus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “truncus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "truncus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “truncus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “truncus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 630-1
    2. ^ Partridge, Origins: A Short Etymological Dictionary of Modern English
    3. ^ Partridge, Origins: A Short Etymological Dictionary of Modern English
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