tibia

See also: tíbia

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia (“shin bone, leg”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtɪbiə/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪbiə

Noun

tibia (plural tibias or tibiae)

  1. (anatomy) The inner and usually the larger of the two bones of the leg or hind limb below the knee, the shinbone.
    • 2013 February 6, Jen Christiensen, “Vonn’s injury ‘career-delayer,’ not ‘career ender’”, in CNN‎[1], Atlanta, Ga.: Warner Bros. Discovery, archived from the original on 15 August 2022:
      Her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) are torn and Vonn has a lateral fracture of the tibial plateau, the upper end of the tibia or shin bone.
    • 2017, James Patterson and Chris Grabenstein, Pottymouth and Stoopid, page 100:
      [Sherman:] I'm a black belt, boys. Last week, I broke my karate coach's tibia and fibula when I flipped him!
  2. (entomology) The second segment from the end of an insect's leg, between the femur and tarsus.
  3. (arachnology) The third segment from the end of an arachnid's leg, between the patella and metatarsus.
  4. (musical instrument) A musical instrument of the flute kind, originally made of the leg bone of an animal.
    Coordinate term: aulos
    • 1975, Francis M. Collinson, The bagpipe: the history of a musical instrument, page 188:
      The musician on the left is playing the zampogna, a bagpipe with two chanters and two drones. The zampogna is thought to be the bag-provided descendant of the ancient mouth-blown divergent pipes of the Romans, known as the tibia.

Synonyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

Derived terms

Translations

References

Basque

Etymology

    Borrowed from Spanish tibia.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /tibia/ [t̪i.β̞i.a]
    • Rhymes: -ia, -a
    • Hyphenation: ti‧bi‧a

    Noun

    tibia inan

    1. shin, shinbone

    Declension

    Declension of tibia (inan a-stem)
    indefinite singular plural proximal plural
    absolutive tibia tibia tibiak tibiok
    ergative tibiak tibiak tibiek tibiok
    dative tibiari tibiari tibiei tibioi
    genitive tibiaren tibiaren tibien tibion
    comitative tibiarekin tibiarekin tibiekin tibiokin
    causative tibiarengatik tibiarengatik tibiengatik tibiongatik
    benefactive tibiarentzat tibiarentzat tibientzat tibiontzat
    instrumental tibiaz tibiaz tibiez tibiotaz
    inessive tibiatan tibian tibietan tibiotan
    locative tibiatako tibiako tibietako tibiotako
    allative tibiatara tibiara tibietara tibiotara
    terminative tibiataraino tibiaraino tibietaraino tibiotaraino
    directive tibiatarantz tibiarantz tibietarantz tibiotarantz
    destinative tibiatarako tibiarako tibietarako tibiotarako
    ablative tibiatatik tibiatik tibietatik tibiotatik
    partitive tibiarik — — —
    prolative tibiatzat — — —

    Further reading

    • “tibia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

    French

    Etymology

      Learned borrowing from Latin tībia. Compare the inherited doublet tige.

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      tibia m (plural tibias)

      1. shin
      2. tibia, shinbone

      Derived terms

      Further reading

      Galician

      Etymology

      Attested since 1409 (tiva). Learned borrowing from Latin tībia.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): [ˈtiβjɐ]

      Noun

      tibia f (plural tibias)

      1. (anatomy) tibia, shinbone
      2. (archaic) shin
        • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 97:
          nota que a dita enfirmidade non enpeeçe aos potros mais prestalles porque daqesto engrosam as tiuas por llos homores que se uoluen aas coixas
          note that this sickness is not detrimental for the foals, but it benefits them because the shins swell because of the humors that return to the thighs

      References

      Italian

      Etymology

        Learned borrowing from Latin tībia.

        Noun

        tibia f (plural tibie)

        1. (anatomy, zoology) tibia, shinbone
        2. (music) an early wind instrument

        Derived terms

        Anagrams

        Latin

        Etymology

          Meaning may have evolved from “stalk, reed pipe” to “shinbone”, the latter being used by Pliny and later authors; flutes were originally made from shinbones. Possibly connected to Ancient Greek σίφων (síphōn, “siphon, tube”), the irregular forms suggesting a non-Indo-European loan or substrate source, but as if from pseudo- or regional Proto-Indo-European *tweybʰ-. There are no solid IE cognates outside of the Greek word,[1] though comparisons to Proto-Slavic *stьbъ (“stalk”) have been drawn. Compare tuba (“trumpet”), tubus (“tube”), possibly from the same substrate source.

          Pronunciation

          Noun

          tībia f (genitive tībiae); first declension

          1. (anatomy) the large shin bone, tibia; leg
          2. (figuratively) a pipe, flute (originally of bone)

          Declension

          First-declension noun.

          singular plural
          nominative tībia tībiae
          genitive tībiae tībiārum
          dative tībiae tībiīs
          accusative tībiam tībiās
          ablative tībiā tībiīs
          vocative tībia tībiae

          Derived terms

          Descendants

          • French: tige
          • Piedmontese: tija
          • → Catalan: tíbia
          • → English: tibia
          • → French: tibia
          • → Italian: tibia
          • → Polish: tibia
          • → Portuguese: tíbia
          • → Romanian: tibia
          • → Spanish: tibia

          References

          1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “tībia”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 619

          Further reading

          • “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
          • “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
          • "tibia", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
          • “tibia”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
          • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
            • instrumental music: nervorum et tibiarum cantus
            • to play the flute: tibias inflare
            • to play the flute: tibiis or tibiā canere
            • to sing to a flute accompaniment: ad tibiam or ad tibicinem canere
          • “tibia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
          • “tibia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

          Romanian

          Etymology

          Borrowed from French, Latin tībia.

          Noun

          tibia f (plural tibii)

          1. tibia, shinbone
            Synonym: (popular) fluier

          Declension

          This noun needs an inflection-table template.

          Spanish

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /ˈtibja/ [ˈt̪i.β̞ja]
          • Rhymes: -ibja
          • Syllabification: ti‧bia

          Etymology 1

            Derived from Latin tepida.

            Adjective

            tibia

            1. feminine singular of tibio

            Etymology 2

            Etymology tree
            substrate?
            Latin tibialbor.
            Spanish tibia

              Learned borrowing from Latin tibia.

              Noun

              tibia f (plural tibias)

              1. (anatomy) tibia, shinbone

              Further reading

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