refrenar

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-der.

Proto-Indo-European *dʰr-eh₁-nom

Proto-Italic *θrēnomder.

Proto-Italic *frēnom

Latin frēnum

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin frēnō

Latin refrēnāre

Spanish refrenar

Inherited from Latin refrēnāre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /refɾeˈnaɾ/ [re.fɾeˈnaɾ]
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: re‧fre‧nar

Verb

refrenar (first-person singular present refreno, first-person singular preterite refrené, past participle refrenado)

(transitive) to rein in, contain

Conjugation

Conjugation of refrenar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			refrenar
gerund			refrenando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		refrenado		refrenada
		plural		refrenados		refrenadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	refreno	refrenas^{^tú} refrenás^{^vos}	refrena	refrenamos	refrenáis	refrenan
	imperfect	refrenaba	refrenabas	refrenaba	refrenábamos	refrenabais	refrenaban
	preterite	refrené	refrenaste	refrenó	refrenamos	refrenasteis	refrenaron
	future	refrenaré	refrenarás	refrenará	refrenaremos	refrenaréis	refrenarán
	conditional	refrenaría	refrenarías	refrenaría	refrenaríamos	refrenaríais	refrenarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	refrene	refrenes^{^tú} refrenés^{^vos²}	refrene	refrenemos	refrenéis	refrenen
	imperfect (ra)	refrenara	refrenaras	refrenara	refrenáramos	refrenarais	refrenaran
	imperfect (se)	refrenase	refrenases	refrenase	refrenásemos	refrenaseis	refrenasen
	future¹	refrenare	refrenares	refrenare	refrenáremos	refrenareis	refrenaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		refrena^{^tú} refrená^{^vos}	refrene	refrenemos	refrenad	refrenen
	negative		no refrenes	no refrene	no refrenemos	no refrenéis	no refrenen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of refrenar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive refrenar	dative	refrenarme	refrenarte	refrenarle, refrenarse	refrenarnos	refrenaros	refrenarles, refrenarse
with infinitive refrenar	accusative	refrenarme	refrenarte	refrenarlo, refrenarla, refrenarse	refrenarnos	refrenaros	refrenarlos, refrenarlas, refrenarse

with gerund refrenando	dative	refrenándome	refrenándote	refrenándole, refrenándose	refrenándonos	refrenándoos	refrenándoles, refrenándose
with gerund refrenando	accusative	refrenándome	refrenándote	refrenándolo, refrenándola, refrenándose	refrenándonos	refrenándoos	refrenándolos, refrenándolas, refrenándose

with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative refrena	dative	refréname	refrénate	refrénale	refrénanos	not used	refrénales
	accusative	refréname	refrénate	refrénalo, refrénala	refrénanos	not used	refrénalos, refrénalas

with informal second-person singular voseo imperative refrená	dative	refrename	refrenate	refrenale	refrenanos	not used	refrenales
	accusative	refrename	refrenate	refrenalo, refrenala	refrenanos	not used	refrenalos, refrenalas

with formal second-person singular imperative refrene	dative	refréneme	not used	refrénele, refrénese	refrénenos	not used	refréneles
with formal second-person singular imperative refrene	accusative	refréneme	not used	refrénelo, refrénela, refrénese	refrénenos	not used	refrénelos, refrénelas

with first-person plural imperative refrenemos	dative	not used	refrenémoste	refrenémosle	refrenémonos	refrenémoos	refrenémosles
with first-person plural imperative refrenemos	accusative	not used	refrenémoste	refrenémoslo, refrenémosla	refrenémonos	refrenémoos	refrenémoslos, refrenémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative refrenad	dative	refrenadme	not used	refrenadle	refrenadnos	refrenaos	refrenadles
with informal second-person plural imperative refrenad	accusative	refrenadme	not used	refrenadlo, refrenadla	refrenadnos	refrenaos	refrenadlos, refrenadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative refrenen	dative	refrénenme	not used	refrénenle	refrénennos	not used	refrénenles, refrénense
with formal second-person plural imperative refrenen	accusative	refrénenme	not used	refrénenlo, refrénenla	refrénennos	not used	refrénenlos, refrénenlas, refrénense