English
Etymology
From hard + tack.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
Noun
hardtack (countable and uncountable, plural hardtacks)
- (nautical) A large, hard biscuit made from unleavened flour and water; formerly used as a long-term staple food aboard ships.
- Synonyms: pilot biscuit, pilot bread, sea biscuit, sea bread, ship's biscuit, ship biscuit, ship bread; (military slang) Anzac wafer, sheet iron, tooth duller, worm castle
- Hypernyms: tack; biscuit; bread
- Meronym: reefer's nut
- Coordinate term: soft tack
1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:Philander went into the next room […] and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm. Then he put the coffee pot on the stove and rummaged out a loaf of dry bread and some hardtack.
1989, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, translated by H. T. Willetts, August 1914, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, page 71:Bread and fodder had to be brought up over longer and longer distances, it was more difficult all the time, transport was lacking, the army had already eaten two-thirds of its hardtack, exhausted men were marching in baking heat along sandy roads into emptiness!
Translations
hard biscuit
- Belarusian: галета f (haljeta)
- Bulgarian: сухар (bg) m (suhar)
- Catalan: galeta de mar f
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 硬麵餅 / 硬面饼 (yìng miànbǐng), 硬麵包 / 硬面包 (yìng miànbāo), 壓縮餅乾 / 压缩饼干 (yāsuō bǐnggān)
- Czech: suchar (cs) m
- Dutch: scheepsbeschuit (nl) f, zeebeschuit f, zeekaak m or f, tweebak (nl) m
- Esperanto: marbiskvito
- Estonian: kuivik
- Finnish: laivakorppu
- French: biscuit de mer m, galette (fr) f
- German: Hartkeks m or n, Schiffszwieback (de) m, Zwieback (de) m
- Hebrew: פכסם (he) (pakhsam), מַצִּיָּה (he) (matsiya), פַּכְסַם מַלָּחִים (he) m (pakhsam malakhim)
- Hungarian: tengerészkeksz, kétszersült (hu)
- Ido: navala bisquito
- Inupiaq: qaqqulaaq, qaqquliktaq
- Italian: galletta (it) f
- Japanese: 堅パン (かたパン, katapan), 乾パン (ja) (かんパン, kanpan)
- Korean: 건빵 (ko) (geonppang)
- Latin: bucellatum n
- Persian: بیسکویت دریایی (biskuit daryâyi)
- Polish: suchar (pl) m
- Portuguese: biscoito de bordo m, biscoito de navio m, biscoito do mar m
- Russian: суха́рь (ru) m (suxárʹ)
- Southern Altai: сукайры (sukayrï)
- Spanish: galleta náutica f
- Swedish: skeppsskorpa (sv) c, hårdskorpa c, rågskorpa c
- Turkish: peksimet (tr)
- Ukrainian: галета f (haleta)
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