environment

English

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én
Proto-Italic *en
Old Latin en
Latin in
Old French en
Proto-Indo-European *weyp-
Proto-Italic *wibrosder.
Latin vibrāre?
Vulgar Latin *virāre
Old French virer
Proto-Indo-European *-ōder.
Proto-Indo-European *-Hōder.?
Latin -ōnem
Old French -on
Old French viron
univ.
Old French environ
Middle French environ
Proto-Italic *-āzi
▲
Latin -ereinflu.
Latin -āre
Old French -ier
Middle French -er
Middle French environner
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom
Proto-Italic *-mentom
Latin -mentum
Old French -ment
Middle French -ment
Middle French environnementbor.
English environment

    From Middle French environnement. Compare French environnement. By surface analysis, environ +‎ -ment.

    Pronunciation

    • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɪnˈvaɪ.ɹə.mənt/, /ɪnˈvaɪ.ɹən.mənt/
    • Audio (UK):(file)
    • (General American) IPA(key): /ɪnˈvaɪ.ɚn.mənt/, /ɪnˈvaɪ.ɚ.mənt/
    • Audio (US):(file)

    Noun

    environment (plural environments)

    1. The surroundings of, and influences on, a particular item of interest.
      • 1998 September 19, Jonathan Rauch, “Tunnel Vision: The Dawn of Microgovernment”, in National Journal‎[1], archived from the original on 6 March 2012:
        What was seen from the top down, as a large environment with many difficult trade-offs, is instead seen from the bottom up--as 10 million microenvironments, each to be regulated in its own right. It is this inversion of perspective that distinguishes microgovernment from other kinds of regulation, and that accounts for its often-bizarre behavior.
    2. The natural world or ecosystem.
      • 2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly‎[2], volume 188, number 26, archived from the original on 13 October 2026, page 36:
        It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: […];  […]; or perhaps to muse on the irrelevance of the borders that separate nation states and keep people from understanding their shared environment.
    3. All the elements that affect a system or its inputs and outputs.
    4. A particular political or social setting, arena or condition.
    5. (computing) The software or hardware existing on any particular computer system.
      That program uses the Microsoft Windows environment.
    6. (programming) The environment of a function at a point during the execution of a program is the set of identifiers in the function's scope and their bindings at that point.
    7. (computing) The set of variables and their values in a namespace that an operating system associates with a process.

    Synonyms

    Derived terms

    With prefixes
    With suffixes
    Compound words and phrases

    Descendants

    • Tok Pisin: envaironmen

    Translations

    References

    Slovak

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /envirɔnment/, (high register) [ˈenʋirɔnment], (common) [ˈeɱʋirɔnment]
    • Rhymes: -ɔnment
    • Hyphenation: en‧vi‧ron‧ment

    Noun

    environment m inan (declension pattern of dub)

    1. environment
      Synonym: prostredie

    Declension

    Declension of environment
    (pattern dub)
    singularplural
    nominativeenvironmentenvironmenty
    genitiveenvironmentuenvironmentov
    dativeenvironmentuenvironmentom
    accusativeenvironmentenvironmenty
    locativeenvironmenteenvironmentoch
    instrumentalenvironmentomenvironmentmi

    Further reading

    • “environment”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026
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