bracchium

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mreǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-us
Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus
Proto-Hellenic *brəkʰús
Ancient Greek βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s)
Proto-Indo-European *-yōsder.
Proto-Indo-European *-isō
Proto-Hellenic *-ihō
Ancient Greek -ῑ́ων (-ī́ōn)
Ancient Greek βρᾰχῑ́ων (brăkhī́ōn)bor.
Latin bracchium

    Borrowed from Ancient Greek βρᾰχῑ́ων (brăkhī́ōn).[1]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    bracchium n (genitive bracchiī or bracchī); second declension

    1. forearm
    2. arm (shoulder to fingers)
      • c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Historiae 1.41:
        Ceteri crura brachiaque (nam pectus tegebatur) foede laniavere; pleraque vulnera feritate et saevitia trunco iam corpori adiecta.
        The rest foully tore apart his legs and arms (for his chest was covered); a great many wounds were put upon his body with fierceness and savagery, [even] after his head had been cut off.
    3. limb of an animal (e.g. claw, tentacle)
    4. branch (of a tree)
    5. arm or branch of the sea
    6. (military) earthwork
    7. (military) arm of a catapult

    Declension

    Second-declension noun (neuter).

    singular plural
    nominative bracchium bracchia
    genitive bracchiī
    bracchī1     		bracchiōrum
    dative bracchiō bracchiīs
    accusative bracchium bracchia
    ablative bracchiō bracchiīs
    vocative bracchium bracchia

    1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Insular Romance:
      • Sardinian: bratzu
    • Balkano-Romance:
    • Italo-Dalmatian:
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
    • Gallo-Italic:
    • Gallo-Romance:
      • Northern:
        • Franco-Provençal: brès
        • Old French: bras (see there for further descendants)
      • Southern:
    • Ibero-Romance:
    • Borrowings:

    References

    1. ^ Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (1985), “brac(c)hium”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots‎[1] (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 75

    Further reading

    • “bracchium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “bracchium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “bracchium”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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