Polybius

Translingual

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Πολύβιος (Polúbios, “Many lives”).

Proper noun

Polybius m

1. Certain swimming crabs of the Atlantic and western Mediterranean:
   1. A taxonomic genus within the family Polybiidae.
   2. A taxonomic genus within the family Portunidae.

Usage notes

• Sometimes placed in families Carcinidae or Portunidae, which, like Polybiidae, are in superfamily Portunoidea.

Hypernyms

• (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Protostomia – infrakingdom; Ecdysozoa – superphylum; Arthropoda – phylum; Crustacea – subphylum; Malacostraca – class; Eumalacostraca – subclass; Eucarida – superorder; Decapoda – order; Pleocyemata – suborder; Brachyura – infraorder; Eubrachyura – section; Heterotremata – subsection; Portunoidea – superfamily; Polybiidae – family

Hyponyms

• (genus): Polybius henslowii - sole species

References

• Polybius (crab) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Carcinidae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Category:Portunidae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
• Polybius at World Register of Marine Species

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Polybius, from Ancient Greek Πολύβιος (Polúbios, literally “much life, long-lived”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pəˈlɪbi.əs/

Proper noun

Polybius

1. A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Polybius, an Ancient Greek historian of the Hellenistic period.

Derived terms

• Polybian
• Polybius square

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-der.

Proto-Indo-European *polh₁ús

Ancient Greek πολῠ́ς (polŭ́s)

Ancient Greek πολῠ- (polŭ-)

Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.

Ancient Greek βίος (bíos)

Ancient Greek Πολύβιος (Polúbios)bor.

Latin Polybius

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πολύβιος (Polúbios).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [pɔˈly.bi.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [poˈliː.bi.us]

Proper noun

Polybius m sg (genitive Polybiī or Polybī); second declension

1. a male given name from Ancient Greek — famously held by:
   1. Polybius, an Ancient Greek historian of the Hellenistic period.

Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

	singular
nominative	Polybius
genitive	Polybiī Polybī1
dative	Polybiō
accusative	Polybium
ablative	Polybiō
vocative	Polybī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

References

• “Pŏlybĭus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Pŏly̆bĭus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,196.