Muhammad

See also: Muḥammad

English

Etymology

Transliteration of Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “praised, commendable, laudable”), the passive participle of حَمَّدَ (ḥammada, “to praise, commend, laud, extol”). From the same triconsonantal root ح م د (ḥ m d) as, but distinct from, Mahmud. Doublet of Mahound and mammet.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mʊˈhɑməd/, /mʊˈhæməd/, /məˈhæmɪd/
  • (Australia) IPA(key): /məˈhɐməd/, /mʊˈhɐməd/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Audio (Southern England):(file)

Proper noun

Muhammad (plural Muhammads)

  2. (Islam, uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.
  4. (Islam, uncountable) The 47th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.
  6. (countable) A male given name from Arabic, very popular among Muslims.
  7. A surname from Arabic.

Alternative forms

"Muhammad, the Messenger of God" inscribed on the gates of the Prophet's Mosque, Medina
  • Mahomet was the predominant form until the late 1700s. Mohammed was the predominant form from then until the 1940s, when it was overtaken by Muhammad, which has been predominant ever since. Other forms which are now quite common are Mohammad, Mohamed, and Muhammed, which all came into common use after the 1820s.
other forms

Given names and scholarly forms occasionally transcribed in English:

See §Translations for forms in other languages.

Synonyms

Coordinate terms

Islamic prophetsedit

Coordinate terms

Surahs of holy Quranedit
  • Abasa
  • Ad-Dhuha
  • Ad-Dukhan
  • Adh-Dhariyat
  • Al-'Adiyat
  • Al-Ahqaf
  • Al-Ahzab
  • Al-A'la
  • Al-'Alaq
  • Al-An'am
  • Al-Anbiya
  • Al-Anfal
  • Al-Ankabut
  • Al-A'raf
  • Al-'Asr
  • Al-Balad
  • Al-Baqara
  • Al-Bayyina
  • Al-Buruj
  • Al-Fajr
  • Al-Falaq
  • Al-Fath
  • Al-Fatiha
  • Al-Fil
  • Al-Furqan
  • Al-Ghashiya
  • Al-Hadid
  • Al-Hajj
  • Al-Haqqa
  • Al-Hashr
  • Al-Hijr
  • Al-Hujurat
  • Al-Humaza
  • Al-Ikhlas
  • Al 'Imran
  • Al-Infitar
  • Al-Insan
  • Al-Inshiqaq
  • Al-Isra
  • Al-Jathiya
  • Al-Jinn
  • Al-Jumu'a
  • Al-Kafirun
  • Al-Kahf
  • Al-Kawthar
  • Al-Layl
  • Al-Ma'arij
  • Al-Ma'ida
  • Al-Masad
  • Al-Ma'un
  • Al-Muddaththir
  • Al-Mujadila
  • Al-Mulk
  • Al-Mu'minun
  • Al-Mumtahana
  • Al-Munafiqun
  • Al-Mursalat
  • Al-Mutaffifin
  • Al-Muzzammil
  • Al-Nas
  • Al-Qadr
  • Al-Qalam
  • Al-Qamar
  • Al-Qari'a
  • Al-Qasas
  • Al-Qiyama
  • Al-Waqi'a
  • An-Naba
  • An-Nahl
  • An-Najm
  • An-Naml
  • An-Nasr
  • An-Nazi'at
  • An-Nisa
  • An-Nur
  • Ar-Ra'd
  • Ar-Rahman
  • Ar-Rum
  • Ash-Shams
  • Ash-Sharh
  • Ash-Shu'ara
  • Ash-Shura
  • As-Saff
  • As-Saffat
  • As-Sajda
  • At-Taghabun
  • At-Tahrim
  • At-Takathur
  • At-Takwir
  • At-Talaq
  • At-Tariq
  • At-Tawba
  • At-Tin
  • At-Tur
  • Az-Zalzala
  • Az-Zukhruf
  • Az-Zumar
  • Fatir
  • Fussilat
  • Ghafir
  • Hud
  • Ibrahim
  • Luqman
  • Maryam
  • Muhammad
  • Nuh
  • Qaf
  • Quraysh
  • Saba
  • Sad
  • Ta-Ha
  • Ya-Sin
  • Yunus
  • Yusuf

Derived terms

Translations

Statistics

  • According to the 2010 United States Census, Muhammad is the 1884th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 19076 individuals. Muhammad is most common among Black/African-American (82.86%) individuals.

Finnish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmuhɑmːɑd/, [ˈmuɦɑ̝mːɑ̝d]
  • Rhymes: -uhɑmːɑd
  • Syllabification(key): Mu‧ham‧mad
  • Hyphenation(key): Mu‧ham‧mad

Proper noun

Muhammad

  1. Muhammad (prophet of Islam)

Usage notes

Language purists prefer the spelling "Muhammad", but "Muhammed" is the traditional and more popular transliteration into Finnish.

Declension

Inflection of Muhammad (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative Muhammad Muhammadit
genitive Muhammadin Muhammadien
partitive Muhammadia Muhammadeja
illative Muhammadiin Muhammadeihin
singular plural
nominative Muhammad Muhammadit
accusative nom. Muhammad Muhammadit
gen. Muhammadin
genitive Muhammadin Muhammadien
partitive Muhammadia Muhammadeja
inessive Muhammadissa Muhammadeissa
elative Muhammadista Muhammadeista
illative Muhammadiin Muhammadeihin
adessive Muhammadilla Muhammadeilla
ablative Muhammadilta Muhammadeilta
allative Muhammadille Muhammadeille
essive Muhammadina Muhammadeina
translative Muhammadiksi Muhammadeiksi
abessive Muhammaditta Muhammadeitta
instructive — Muhammadein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of Muhammad (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative Muhammadini Muhammadini
accusative nom. Muhammadini Muhammadini
gen. Muhammadini
genitive Muhammadini Muhammadieni
partitive Muhammadiani Muhammadejani
inessive Muhammadissani Muhammadeissani
elative Muhammadistani Muhammadeistani
illative Muhammadiini Muhammadeihini
adessive Muhammadillani Muhammadeillani
ablative Muhammadiltani Muhammadeiltani
allative Muhammadilleni Muhammadeilleni
essive Muhammadinani Muhammadeinani
translative Muhammadikseni Muhammadeikseni
abessive Muhammadittani Muhammadeittani
instructive — —
comitative — Muhammadeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative Muhammadisi Muhammadisi
accusative nom. Muhammadisi Muhammadisi
gen. Muhammadisi
genitive Muhammadisi Muhammadiesi
partitive Muhammadiasi Muhammadejasi
inessive Muhammadissasi Muhammadeissasi
elative Muhammadistasi Muhammadeistasi
illative Muhammadiisi Muhammadeihisi
adessive Muhammadillasi Muhammadeillasi
ablative Muhammadiltasi Muhammadeiltasi
allative Muhammadillesi Muhammadeillesi
essive Muhammadinasi Muhammadeinasi
translative Muhammadiksesi Muhammadeiksesi
abessive Muhammadittasi Muhammadeittasi
instructive — —
comitative — Muhammadeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative Muhammadimme Muhammadimme
accusative nom. Muhammadimme Muhammadimme
gen. Muhammadimme
genitive Muhammadimme Muhammadiemme
partitive Muhammadiamme Muhammadejamme
inessive Muhammadissamme Muhammadeissamme
elative Muhammadistamme Muhammadeistamme
illative Muhammadiimme Muhammadeihimme
adessive Muhammadillamme Muhammadeillamme
ablative Muhammadiltamme Muhammadeiltamme
allative Muhammadillemme Muhammadeillemme
essive Muhammadinamme Muhammadeinamme
translative Muhammadiksemme Muhammadeiksemme
abessive Muhammadittamme Muhammadeittamme
instructive — —
comitative — Muhammadeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative Muhammadinne Muhammadinne
accusative nom. Muhammadinne Muhammadinne
gen. Muhammadinne
genitive Muhammadinne Muhammadienne
partitive Muhammadianne Muhammadejanne
inessive Muhammadissanne Muhammadeissanne
elative Muhammadistanne Muhammadeistanne
illative Muhammadiinne Muhammadeihinne
adessive Muhammadillanne Muhammadeillanne
ablative Muhammadiltanne Muhammadeiltanne
allative Muhammadillenne Muhammadeillenne
essive Muhammadinanne Muhammadeinanne
translative Muhammadiksenne Muhammadeiksenne
abessive Muhammadittanne Muhammadeittanne
instructive — —
comitative — Muhammadeinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative Muhammadinsa Muhammadinsa
accusative nom. Muhammadinsa Muhammadinsa
gen. Muhammadinsa
genitive Muhammadinsa Muhammadiensa
partitive Muhammadiaan
Muhammadiansa 		Muhammadejaan
Muhammadejansa
inessive Muhammadissaan
Muhammadissansa 		Muhammadeissaan
Muhammadeissansa
elative Muhammadistaan
Muhammadistansa 		Muhammadeistaan
Muhammadeistansa
illative Muhammadiinsa Muhammadeihinsa
adessive Muhammadillaan
Muhammadillansa 		Muhammadeillaan
Muhammadeillansa
ablative Muhammadiltaan
Muhammadiltansa 		Muhammadeiltaan
Muhammadeiltansa
allative Muhammadilleen
Muhammadillensa 		Muhammadeilleen
Muhammadeillensa
essive Muhammadinaan
Muhammadinansa 		Muhammadeinaan
Muhammadeinansa
translative Muhammadikseen
Muhammadiksensa 		Muhammadeikseen
Muhammadeiksensa
abessive Muhammadittaan
Muhammadittansa 		Muhammadeittaan
Muhammadeittansa
instructive — —
comitative — Muhammadeineen
Muhammadeinensa

Derived terms

Indonesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay Muhammad, from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /muˈhamad/ [muˈha.mat̪̚]
  • Rhymes: -amad
  • Syllabification: Mu‧ham‧mad

Proper noun

Muhammad

  2. (Islam) Muhammad (the figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís)
  3. a male given name from Arabic

Usage notes

  • Although being separated by a space, it behaves like a prefix. No one would be called Muhammad, but the name next to it. For example, someone who named Muhammad Rizki is always called Rizki and never Muhammad.

Malay

Alternative forms

Etymology

    Borrowed from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [mu.ha.mat], [mu.ħam.mad]
    • Rhymes: -at, -ad
    • Hyphenation: Mu‧ham‧mad

    Proper noun

    Muhammad (Jawi spelling محمد, abbreviation Muhd.)

    2. (Islam) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.
    3. a male given name from Arabic

    Usage notes

    • In Malay-speaking communities, people with "Muhammad" in their names are usually referred to not by "Muhammad" but by the name that comes after that part of their given name.
      • For example, a person whose given name is "Muhammad Aqil" would usually be referred to by other people as just "Aqil" and not as "Muhammad".

    Further reading

    Norwegian Bokmål

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “praised, commendable”), the passive participle of Arabic حَمَّدَ (ḥammada, “to praise, commend”), from the root ح م د (ḥ-m-d, “praise”, root).

    Related Arabic names include أَحْمَد (ʔaḥmad, “more praiseworthy”) and مَحْمُود (maḥmūd, “praised”).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /mʉˈhamːad/
    • Rhymes: -amːad
    • Hyphenation: Mu‧ham‧mad

    Proper noun

    Muhammad

    1. a male given name from Arabic
    2. a surname transferred from the given name

    Statistics

    • According to Statistics Norway, 3,328 men in Norway had Muhammad as their sole or first given name as of 31 December 2025.[1]
    • The surname Muhammad was borne by 301 people in Norway as of 31 December 2025.[2]

    References

    1. ^ “Navn”, Statistics Norway.
    2. ^ “Etternavn”, Statistics Norway.

    Tagalog

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Arabic حَمَّدَ (ḥammada)
    Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad)bor.
    Tagalog Muhammad

      Borrowed from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad), from حَمَّدَ (ḥammada). Doublet of Mahoma.

      Pronunciation

      • (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /muˈhamad/ [mʊˈhaː.mɐd̪̚]
      • Rhymes: -amad
      • Syllabification: Mu‧ha‧mmad

      Proper noun

      Muhammad (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜑᜋᜇ᜔)

      1. (Islam) Muhammad (the prophet who introduced Islam)
        Synonym: Mahoma
      2. a male given name from Arabic

      Further reading

      Tausug

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

      Etymology tree
      Arabic حَمَّدَ (ḥammada)
      Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad)bor.
      Tausug Muhammad

        Borrowed from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

        Pronunciation

        • (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA(key): /muhammad/ [mʊ.ɦɑmˈmad̪̚]
        • Rhymes: -ad
        • Syllabification: Mu‧ham‧mad

        Proper noun

        Muhammad (Sulat Sūg spelling مُهَمَّدْ)

        2. (Islam) Muhammad (the figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís)
        3. a male given name from Arabic
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