LLM

See also: llm, LL.M., and L.L.M.

English

Noun

LLM (plural LLMs)

2. (education, law) Alternative form of LL.M. (“Master of Laws”).
4. (machine learning) Initialism of large language model.

   Hypernyms: LM, language model < model

   Coordinate terms: SLM, small language model

   • 2022 April 15, Steven Johnson, Nikita Iziev, “A.I. Is Mastering Language. Should We Trust What It Says?”, in The New York Times Magazine‎^[1], New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 24 August 2022:

     Some skeptics argue that the software is capable only of blind mimicry — that it’s imitating the syntactic patterns of human language but is incapable of generating its own ideas or making complex decisions, a fundamental limitation that will keep the L.L.M. approach from ever maturing into anything resembling human intelligence.

   • 2022, Hendrik Kempt, Synthetic Friends: A Philosophy of Human-Machine Friendship, Springer Nature, →ISBN, page 22:

     Currently, large language models (LLM) are the base model for creating more specific natural language producers, like chatbots or personal assistants. BERT, GPT-3, and other LLM can be used to program all kinds of “semantic machines”, to create machines for almost any kind of linguistic purpose.

   • 2023, Sina J. Semnani, Violet Z. Yao, Heidi C. Zhang, Monica S. Lam, “WikiChat: A Few-Shot LLM-Based Chatbot Grounded with Wikipedia”, in arXiv‎^[2]‎^[3], archived from the original on 20 July 2023:

     We design WikiChat (Figure 1) to ground LLMs using Wikipedia to achieve the following objectives. While LLMs tend to hallucinate, our chatbot should be factual.

   • 2024 June 13, Maxime Labonne, “Uncensor any LLM with abliteration”, in Hugging Face Blog‎^[4], archived from the original on 3 August 2024, retrieved 29 May 2025:

     Modern LLMs are fine-tuned for safety and instruction-following, meaning they are trained to refuse harmful requests. […] In this example, we'll use mlabonne/Daredevil-8B, a mega-merge created with DARE TIES (see my article about model merging) that has the highest MMLU score on the Open LLM Leaderboard in the 8B category.

   • 2025 April 28, Karissa Bell, “Researchers secretly experimented on Reddit users with AI-generated comments”, in Engadget‎^[5], archived from the original on 23 February 2026:

     “In addition to the post’s content, LLMs were provided with personal attributes of the OP (gender, age, ethnicity, location, and political orientation), as inferred from their posting history using another LLM,” they write.

   • 2026 June 3, Ted Chiang, “No, Artificial Intelligence Is Not Conscious”, in Jeffrey Goldberg, editor, The Atlantic‎^[6], Washington, D.C.: The Atlantic Monthly Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 7 September 2026:

     Being open to the possibility that LLMs are conscious is the same as being open to the possibility that Microsoft Word is conscious, or, more precisely, that multiple distinct consciousnesses are dormant in every Word document containing a conversational transcript, and that they are awakened every time the document is loaded.

5. (machine learning) Initialism of logic learning machine.
6. (Anglicanism) Initialism of licensed lay minister.
7. Initialism of local linear model.

Derived terms

• LLM psychosis

Anagrams

• LML

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /elˈelem/ [ʔelˈel.em]

Proper noun

LLM

1. initialism of Lembaga Lebuhraya Malaysia (“Malaysian Highway Authority”), a government agency responsible for monitoring expressways throughout Malaysia.