-ization

English

Alternative forms

-isation (Commonwealth spelling)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-id-

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti

Proto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō

Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.

Late Latin -izōder.

Middle French -iserbor.

Middle English -isen

English -ize

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *-is

Proto-Indo-European *-tis

Proto-Indo-European *-Hō

Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō

Proto-Italic *-tiō

Latin -tiō

Latin -ātiōlbor.

Old French -ationbor.

Middle English -acioun

English -ation

English -ization

From -ize + -ation.

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /-ˌaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, /-əˈzeɪ.ʃən/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
(General American) IPA^(key): /-əˈzeɪ.ʃən/, /-ˌaɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
Hyphenation: -i‧za‧tion

Suffix

-ization (noun-forming suffix, countable and uncountable, plural -izations) (American spelling, Canadian spelling, Oxford British English)

Forms nouns denoting the act, process, or result of doing/making what is denoted by the noun/adjective.
- 2012, Susanna Rostas, Carrying the Word: The Concheros Dance in Mexico City, page 218:
  The Mexica do not sing alabanzas, thus any recent Mexica-ization, or rather Aztecization, of existing alabanzas (or the newly written) is the result of the Concheros' increased interest in the Aztec past and their desire to celebrate it.
- 2010, David Jenkins, Suharto and His Generals: Indonesian Military Politics, 1975-1983, page 201:
  In the view of such officers as Dharsono, the disproportionate number of Siliwangi officers was both a result of, and a protest against, a “de-Siliwangi-ization” process instigated by Suharto.
- 2003, Kevin Featherstone, Claudio Maria Radaelli, The Politics of Europeanization, page 27:
  The chapter covers the domestic impact of the public policy of the European Union (EU), hence one could use the term 'EU-ization’ in this context.

Usage notes

See the usage notes on -ize.

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ization

Translations

act, process, or result of doing/making what is denoted by the noun/adjective

Afrikaans: -isering, -isasie
Albanian: -izim m
Asturian: -ización f
Basque: -izazio
Belarusian: -іза́цыя f (-izácyja), -ызацыя (-yzacyja)
Bulgarian: -иза́ция f (-izácija)
Catalan: -ització f
Chinese:
Cantonese: -化 (faa³)

Hakka: -化 (fa)

Hokkien: -化 (hoà)

Mandarin: -化 (zh) (-huà)
Czech: -izace f
Danish: -isering c
Dutch: -isering f, -isatie f
Estonian: -iseerimine
Finnish: -isaatio, -isointi
French: -isation (fr) f
Galician: -ización f
German: -isierung, -isation f
Hebrew: ־יזָצְיָה f (izátsya)
Hungarian: -izáció, -izálás, -os ít ás/-as ít ás/-es ít és/-ös ít és
Ido: -izo
Indonesian: -isasi (id)
Italian: -izzazione, -izzare (it)
Japanese: 化 (ja) (-ka)
Korean: -화(化) (-hwa)
Latvian: -izācija f
Lithuanian: -izacija f
Macedonian: -изација f (-izacija)
Malay: -isasi
Maltese: -izzazzjoni f
Norman: -isâtion f (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: -isering m, -isasjon m

Nynorsk: -isering m, -isasjon m
Occitan: -izacion f
Polish: -izacja (pl) f, -yzacja f
Romanian: -izare f, -izație f, -izațiune f
Cyrillic: -изаре f (-izare), -изацие f (-izație), -изациуне f (-izațiune)
Russian: -иза́ция f (-izácija)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: -иза́ција f

Latin: -izácija f
Sicilian: -izzazioni
Slovak: -izácia f
Slovene: -izacija f
Spanish: -ización f
Swedish: -isering c
Tagalog: -isasyon
Thai: การทำให้เป็น (gāan-tām-hâi-bpēn)
Turkish: -izasyon, -laştırma, -leştirme
Ukrainian: -иза́ція f (-yzácija), -іза́ція f (-izácija)
Vietnamese: ... hoá (vi)
Welsh: -iad (cy), -eiddiad
Yiddish: ־יזאַציע f (-izatsye), ־יזירונג f (-izirung)