Turpan

Turpan 吐鲁番市 (Chinese) تۇرپان شەھىرى (Uyghur) Turfan
Prefecture-level city
Jiaohe Ruins
Turpan (red) in Xinjiang (orange)
Turpan Location of the city center in Xinjiang Turpan Turpan (China)
Coordinates (Turpan municipal government): 42°57′04″N 89°11′22″E
Country	China
Region	Xinjiang
County-level divisions	3
Prefecture seat	Gaochang District
Area
• Prefecture-level city	69,759 km2 (26,934 sq mi)
• Urban	13,650 km2 (5,270 sq mi)
Elevation	30 m (98 ft)
Lowest elevation (Ayding Lake)	−154 m (−505 ft)
Population  (2020)
• Prefecture-level city	693,988
• Density	9.9484/km2 (25.766/sq mi)
• Urban	317,443
• Urban density	23.26/km2 (60.23/sq mi)
Demographics
• Major ethnic groups	77% Uyghurs 16.8% Han Chinese 5.9% Hui
GDP
• Prefecture-level city	CN¥ 31.0 billion US$ 4.7 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 49,279 US$ 7,180
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 code	CN-XJ-04
Climate	BWk
Website	Turpan Prefecture-level city Government

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Turpan
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	吐鲁番
Traditional Chinese	吐魯番
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Tǔlǔfān Wade–Giles Tʻu3-lu3-fan1
Uyghur name
Uyghur	تۇرپان‎
Transcriptions Latin Yëziqi Turpan Yengi Yeziⱪ Turpan SASM/GNC Turpan Siril Yëziqi Турпан

Turpan (Uyghur: تۇرپان) or Turfan (Chinese: 吐鲁番) is a prefecture-level city located in the east of the autonomous region of Xinjiang, China. It has an area of 69,759 km² (26,934 sq mi) and a population of 693,988 (2020). The historical center of the prefectural area has shifted a number of times, from Yar-Khoto (Jiaohe, 10 km or 6.2 mi to the west of modern Turpan) to Qocho (Gaochang, 30 km or 19 mi to the southeast of Turpan) and to Turpan itself.