Spatial biology

Integration of data from a confocal microscopy image and spatial transcriptomics data on human medulloblastoma.

Spatial biology is the field of biology that visualizes the spatial organization of biomolecules in tissues.The term "spatial biology" is mostly used in the context of high-throughput techniques that detect distribution of biomolecules, a field also called spatial omics.

Spatial biology encompasses different levels of cellular resolution including (1) subcellular localization of DNA, RNA, and proteins, (2) single-cell resolution and in situ communications like cell-cell interactions and cell signaling, (3) cellular neighborhoods, regions, or microenvironments, and (4) tissue architecture and organization in organs. Dysregulation of tissue organization is a common feature in human disease progression including tumorigenesis and neurodegeneration.

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