Sigma Orionis

σ Orionis
Location of σ Ori (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox ICRS
Constellation Orion
σ Ori AB
Right ascension 05h 38m 44.765s
Declination −02° 36′ 00.28″
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.07 + 5.27
σ Ori C
Right ascension 05h 38m 44.119s
Declination −02° 36′ 06.31″
Apparent magnitude (V) 8.79
σ Ori D
Right ascension 05h 38m 45.625s
Declination −02° 35′ 58.89″
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.62
σ Ori E
Right ascension 05h 38m 47.205s
Declination −02° 35′ 40.52″
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.61 - 6.77
Characteristics
σ Ori AB
Spectral type O9.5V + B0.5V
U−B color index −1.02
B−V color index −0.31
σ Ori C
Evolutionary stage main sequence
Spectral type A2 V
U−B color index −0.25
B−V color index −0.02
σ Ori D
Evolutionary stage main sequence
Spectral type B2 V
U−B color index −0.87
B−V color index −0.17
σ Ori E
Evolutionary stage main sequence
Spectral type B2 Vpe
U−B color index −0.84
B−V color index −0.09
Variable type SX Ari
Astrometry
σ Ori AB
Radial velocity (Rv)−29.45±0.45 km/s
Parallax (π)3.04±8.92 mas
Distance387.51±1.32 pc
Absolute magnitude (MV)−3.49 (Aa)
−2.90 (Ab)
−2.79 (B)
σ Ori C
Radial velocity (Rv)26.91±7.48 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 0.358±0.028 mas/yr
Dec.: −1.064±0.027 mas/yr
Parallax (π)2.4720±0.0293 mas
Distance1,320 ± 20 ly
(405 ± 5 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)1.04
σ Ori D
Proper motion (μ) RA: 1.618±0.058 mas/yr
Dec.: 0.036±0.052 mas/yr
Parallax (π)2.4744±0.0622 mas
Distance1,320 ± 30 ly
(400 ± 10 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+0.89
σ Ori E
Proper motion (μ) RA: 1.284±0.063 mas/yr
Dec.: −0.205±0.059 mas/yr
Parallax (π)2.3077±0.0647 mas
Distance1,410 ± 40 ly
(430 ± 10 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)2.12
Orbit
PrimaryAa
NameAb
Period (P)143.2002±0.0024 days
Semi-major axis (a)0.0042860"
(~360 R☉)
Eccentricity (e)0.77896±0.00043
Inclination (i)~56.378±0.085°
Longitude of the node (Ω)6.9°
Periastron epoch (T)56597.638
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)
199.8°
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)
72.03±0.25 km/s
Semi-amplitude (K2)
(secondary)
95.53±0.22 km/s
Orbit
PrimaryA
NameB
Period (P)159.896±0.005 yr
Semi-major axis (a)0.2629±0.0022″
Eccentricity (e)0.024±0.005
Inclination (i)172.1±4.6°
Longitude of the node (Ω)7.4°
Periastron epoch (T)1999.207
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)
301.6°
Details
σ Ori Aa
Mass18 M☉
Radius5.6 R☉
Luminosity41,700 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.20 cgs
Temperature35,000 K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)135 km/s
Age0.3 Myr
σ Ori Ab
Mass13 M☉
Radius4.8 R☉
Luminosity18,600 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.20 cgs
Temperature31,000 K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)35 km/s
Age0.9 Myr
σ Ori B
Mass14 M☉
Radius5.0 R☉
Luminosity15,800 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.15 cgs
Temperature29,000 K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)250 km/s
Age1.9 Myr
σ Ori C
Mass2.7 M☉
Radius2.050±0.073 R☉
Luminosity38.5±0.08 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.10±0.04 cgs
Temperature10,067±7 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.628±0.003 dex
Age0.251±0.001 Myr
σ Ori D
Mass6.8 M☉
Radius4.471±0.004 R☉
Luminosity128.6±0.03 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.3 cgs
Temperature21,500 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.485±0.001 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)180 km/s
σ Ori E
Mass8.30 M☉
Radius3.77 R☉
Luminosity3,162 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.2±0.2 cgs
Temperature22,500 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.144±0.006 dex
Rotation1.190847 days
Rotational velocity (v sin i)140±10 km/s
Age0.4-0.9 Myr
Other designations
Sigma Orionis, Sigma Ori, σ Orionis, σ Ori, 48 Orionis, 48 Ori
AB: HD 37468, HR 1931, HIP 26549, SAO 132406, BD−02°1326, 2MASS J05384476-0236001, Mayrit AB
C: 2MASS J05384411-0236062, Mayrit 11238
D: HIP 26551, 2MASS J05384561-0235588, Mayrit 13084
E: V1030 Orionis, HR 1932, HD 37479, BD−02°1327, 2MASS J05384719-0235405, Mayrit 41062
Database references
SIMBADσ Ori
σ Ori C
σ Ori D
σ Ori E
σ Ori Cluster

Sigma Orionis or Sigma Ori (σ Orionis, σ Ori) is a multiple star system in the constellation Orion, consisting of the brightest members of a young open cluster. It is found at the eastern end of the belt, south west of Alnitak and west of the Horsehead Nebula which it partially illuminates. The combined brightness of the component stars is magnitude 3.80.