Rust (programming language)

Rust
Paradigms	Multi-paradigm: concurrent functional generic imperative structured
Developer	The Rust Team
First appeared	January 20, 2012 (2012-01-20)
Stable release	1.98.1  / September 3, 2026 (September 3, 2026)
Typing discipline	Affine inferred nominal static strong
Implementation language	OCaml (2006–2011) Rust (2012–present)
Platform	Cross-platform
OS	Cross-platform
License	MIT, Apache 2.0
Filename extensions	.rs, .rlib
Website	rust-lang.org
Influenced by
Alef BETA CLU C# C++ Cyclone Elm Erlang Haskell Hermes Limbo Mesa Napier Newsqueak NIL OCaml Ruby Sather Scheme Standard ML Swift
Influenced
Idris PHP Project Verona SPARK Swift V Zig Gleam

Rust is a general-purpose programming language that emphasizes performance, type safety, concurrency, and memory safety.

Rust supports multiple programming paradigms. It was influenced by ideas from functional programming, including immutability, higher-order functions, algebraic data types, and pattern matching. It also supports object-oriented programming via structs, enums, traits, and methods. Rust enforces memory safety (i.e., that all references point to valid memory) without a conventional garbage collector; instead, memory safety errors and data races are prevented by the "borrow checker", which tracks the object lifetime of references at compile time.

Software developer Graydon Hoare created Rust in 2006 while working at Mozilla, which officially sponsored the project in 2009. The first stable release, Rust 1.0, was published in May 2015. The project has been sponsored by the Rust Foundation since February 2021.

Rust has been adopted by many software projects, especially web services and system software. It has been studied academically and has a growing community of developers.